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Article

Mock-Up Test of Cast-in-Place Tunnel Lining for TBM Method

by
Šárka Pešková
1,*,
Vít Šmilauer
1,
Pavel Horák
1,*,
Rostislav Šulc
1,
Martin Válek
1,
Petr Vítek
2 and
Pavel Růžička
2
1
Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Prague, Czech Republic
2
HOCHTIEF CZ a.s, Plzeňská 3217, 150 00 Prague, Czech Republic
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Infrastructures 2026, 11(3), 78; https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures11030078
Submission received: 16 December 2025 / Revised: 9 February 2026 / Accepted: 12 February 2026 / Published: 27 February 2026
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Abstract

Segmental tunnel linings represent a conventional method commonly employed in tunnel boring machine (TBM) operations. However, this approach presents notable limitations, including handling challenges and the presence of numerous joints prone to leakage. An alternative method involving cast-in-place tunnel lining was experimentally investigated through a scaled mock-up test conducted at approximately 1:4 scale, with a total length of 0.85 m and 2 m lining diameter. In this setup, two reinforced concrete rings were constructed to simulate the surrounding geological conditions and internal formwork. Fiber-reinforced concrete was then pumped into the annular space between the rings, forming a cast-in-place lining with a thickness of 170 mm. To replicate the thrust force exerted by hydraulic actuators of a TBM, a hydrostatic pressure up to 5 MPa was applied from the front side. The experiment demonstrated a linear compaction of fresh concrete by approximately 3%, greater resistance to compaction in the lower section, and a uniformly well-compacted concrete structure throughout the entire volume.
Keywords: cast-in-place tunnel lining; mock-up test; fiber-reinforced concrete; environment cast-in-place tunnel lining; mock-up test; fiber-reinforced concrete; environment

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pešková, Š.; Šmilauer, V.; Horák, P.; Šulc, R.; Válek, M.; Vítek, P.; Růžička, P. Mock-Up Test of Cast-in-Place Tunnel Lining for TBM Method. Infrastructures 2026, 11, 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures11030078

AMA Style

Pešková Š, Šmilauer V, Horák P, Šulc R, Válek M, Vítek P, Růžička P. Mock-Up Test of Cast-in-Place Tunnel Lining for TBM Method. Infrastructures. 2026; 11(3):78. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures11030078

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pešková, Šárka, Vít Šmilauer, Pavel Horák, Rostislav Šulc, Martin Válek, Petr Vítek, and Pavel Růžička. 2026. "Mock-Up Test of Cast-in-Place Tunnel Lining for TBM Method" Infrastructures 11, no. 3: 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures11030078

APA Style

Pešková, Š., Šmilauer, V., Horák, P., Šulc, R., Válek, M., Vítek, P., & Růžička, P. (2026). Mock-Up Test of Cast-in-Place Tunnel Lining for TBM Method. Infrastructures, 11(3), 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures11030078

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