A Systematic Review of Architectural Design Collaboration in Immersive Virtual Environments
Abstract
:1. Introduction and Background
2. Research Method- Systematic Literature Review
2.1. Selection of Databases and Literature Search
2.2. Screening of Articles
2.3. Eligibility and Inclusion Criteria of Articles
2.4. Meta-Synthesis and Critical Content Analysis of Articles
3. Results
3.1. Publication Trend of Architectural Design Collaboration in ImVE
3.2. Distribution of Journals for Publishing the Topic
4. Discussion
4.1. Immersive Virtual Technologies and It’s Attributes in the AEC Industry
4.2. ImVE in Supporting Virtual Collaboration
4.3. Applications of ImVE in Supporting Design Collaboration
4.3.1. Design Review with End-Users and Other Stakeholders in ImVE
4.3.2. Data Visualisation in BIM-Based ImVE for Supporting Design Collaboration
4.3.3. Design Cognition and Education in Collaborative ImVE
5. Conclusions and Future Research
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Leon, M.; Laing, R.; Malins, J.; Salman, H. Making collaboration work: Application of A conceptual design stages protocol for pre-BIM stages. WIT Trans. Built Environ. 2015, 149, 205–216. [Google Scholar]
- Feast, L. Professional perspectives on collaborative design work. CoDesign 2012, 8, 215–230. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tan, L. Collaborative Cultures of Architecture Teams: Team Learning and Reflective Practice. Des. J. 2021, 24, 489–498. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kim, M.J.; Hwang, Y.S.; Hwang, H.S. Utilising social networking services as a collective medium to support design communication in team collaboration TT—SNS as a collective medium. ArchNet-IJAR 2020, 14, 409–421. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Combrinck, C.; Porter, C.J. Co-design in the architectural process. Archnet-IJAR 2021, 15, 738–751. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Froese, T.M. The impact of emerging information technology on project management for construction. Autom. Constr. 2010, 19, 531–538. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Garber, R. BIM Design: Realising the Creative Potential of Building Information Modelling; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2014. [Google Scholar]
- Succar, B. Building information modelling framework: A research and delivery foundation for industry stakeholders. Autom. Constr. 2009, 18, 357–375. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- McCall, R.; Johnson, E. Using argumentative agents to catalyze and support collaboration in design. Autom. Constr. 1997, 6, 299–309. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kalay, Y.E.; Khemlani, L.; Choi, J.W. An integrated model to support distributed collaborative design of buildings. Autom. Constr. 1998, 7, 177–188. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gross, M.D.; Yi-Luen Do, E.; McCall, R.J.; Citrin, W.V.; Hamill, P.; Warmack, A.; Kuczun, K.S. Collaboration and coordination in architectural design: Approaches to computer mediated team work. Autom. Constr. 1998, 7, 465–473. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gu, N.; Kim, M.J.; Maher, M.L. Technological advancements in synchronous collaboration: The effect of 3D virtual worlds and tangible user interfaces on architectural design. Autom. Constr. 2011, 20, 270–278. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pour Rahimian, F.; Seyedzadeh, S.; Oliver, S.; Rodriguez, S.; Dawood, N. On-demand monitoring of construction projects through a game-like hybrid application of BIM and machine learning. Autom. Constr. 2020, 110, 103012. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Paes, D.; Arantes, E.; Irizarry, J. Immersive environment for improving the understanding of architectural 3D models: Comparing user spatial perception between immersive and traditional virtual reality systems. Autom. Constr. 2017, 84, 292–303. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mostafavi, A. Architecture, biometrics, and virtual environments triangulation: A research review. Archit. Sci. Rev. 2021, 1–18. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Furht, B. Immersive Virtual Reality. In Encyclopedia of Multimedia; Springer: Boston, MA, USA, 2008; pp. 345–346. [Google Scholar]
- Khan, A.; Sepasgozar, S.; Liu, T.; Yu, R. Integration of BIM and Immersive Technologies for AEC: A Scientometric-SWOT Analysis and Critical Content Review. Buildings 2021, 11, 126. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Diemer, J.; Alpers, G.W.; Peperkorn, H.M.; Shiban, Y.; Mühlberger, A. The impact of perception and presence on emotional reactions: A review of research in virtual reality. Front. Psychol. 2015, 6, 1–9. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Serrano, B.; Baños, R.M.; Botella, C. Virtual reality and stimulation of touch and smell for inducing relaxation: A randomized controlled trial. Comput. Hum. Behav. 2016, 55, 1–8. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Behzadan, A.H.; Kamat, V.R. Visualization of construction graphics in outdoor augmented reality. In Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference, Orlando, FL, USA, 4 December 2005. [Google Scholar]
- Milgram, P.; Kishino, F. A Taxonomy of Mixed Reality Visual Displays. EICE Trans. Inf. Syst. 1994, E77-D, 1321–1329. [Google Scholar]
- Linnenluecke, K.M.; Marrone, M.; Singh, A.K. Conducting systematic literature reviews and bibliometric analyses. Aust. J. Manag. 2020, 45, 175–194. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pickering, C.; Grignon, J.; Steven, R.; Guitart, D.; Byrne, J. Publishing not perishing: How research students transition from novice to knowledgeable using systematic quantitative literature reviews. Stud. High. Educ. 2015, 40, 1756–1769. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cheng, J.C.P.C.P.; Chen, K.; Chen, W. State-of-the-Art Review on Mixed Reality Applications in the AECO Industry. J. Constr. Eng. Manag. 2020, 146, 03119009. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lee, J.; Seo, J.; Abbas, A.; Choi, M. End-Users’ Augmented Reality Utilization for Architectural Design Review. Appl. Sci. 2020, 10, 5363. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lachal, J.; Revah-Levy, A.; Orri, M.; Moro, M.R. Metasynthesis: An Original Method to Synthesize Qualitative Literature in Psychiatry. Front. Psychiatry 2017, 8, 269. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Hedges, L.V. Meta-Analysis. J. Educ. Stat. 1992, 17, 279–296. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Stemler, S. An overview of content analysis. Pract. Assess. Res. Eval. 2000, 7, 17. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Matthews, B.; See, Z.S.; Day, J. Crisis and extended realities: Remote presence in the time of COVID-19. Media Int. Aust. 2020, 178, 198–209. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Garbett, J.; Hartley, T.; Heesom, D. A multi-user collaborative BIM-AR system to support design and construction. Autom. Constr. 2021, 122, 103487. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Alizadehsalehi, S.; Hadavi, A.; Huang, J.C. From BIM to extended reality in AEC industry. Autom. Constr. 2020, 116, 103254. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zhang, Y.; Liu, H.; Kang, S.; Al-hussein, M. Automation in Construction Virtual reality applications for the built environment: Research trends and opportunities. Autom. Constr. 2020, 118, 103311. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rahimian, F.P.; Chavdarova, V.; Oliver, S.; Chamo, F.; Amobi, L.P. OpenBIM-Tango integrated virtual showroom for offsite manufactured production of self-build housing. Autom. Constr. 2019, 102, 1–16. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Du, J.; Zou, Z.; Shi, Y.; Zhao, D. Zero latency: Real-time synchronization of BIM data in virtual reality for collaborative decision-making. Autom. Constr 2018, 85, 51–64. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Heydarian, A.; Carneiro, J.P.; Gerber, D.; Becerik-Gerber, B.; Hayes, T.; Wood, W. Immersive virtual environments versus physical built environments: A benchmarking study for building design and user-built environment explorations. Autom. Constr. 2015, 54, 116–126. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Anderson, A.; Dossick, C.S.; Iorio, J.; Taylor, J.E. The impact of avatars, social norms and copresence on the collaboration effectiveness of AEC virtual teams. J. Inf. Technol. Constr. 2017, 22, 287–304. [Google Scholar]
- Kim, M.J.; Wang, X.; Love, P.E.D.; Li, H.; Kang, S.C. Virtual reality for the built environment: A critical review of recent advances. J. Inf. Technol. Constr. 2013, 18, 279–305. [Google Scholar]
- Merrick, K.E.; Gu, N.; Wang, X. Case studies using multiuser virtual worlds as an innovative platform for collaborative design. Electron. J. Inf. Technol. Constr. 2011, 16, 165–188. [Google Scholar]
- Cerovšek, T.; Zupančič, T.; Kilar, V. Framework for model-based competency management for design in physical and virtual worlds. Electron. J. Inf. Technol. Constr. 2010, 15, 1–22. [Google Scholar]
- Roupe, M.; Johansson, M.; Maftei, L.; Lundstedt, R.; Viklund-Tallgren, M. Virtual Collaborative Design Environment: Supporting Seamless Integration of Multitouch Table and Immersive VR. J. Constr. Eng. Mangement 2020, 146, 1–31. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Keung, C.C.W.; Kim, J.I.; Ong, Q.M. Developing a bim-based muvr treadmill system for architectural design review and collaboration. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 6881. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Diao, P.H.; Shih, N.J. Trends and research issues of augmented reality studies in architectural and civil engineering education-A review of academic journal publications. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 1840. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Tea, S.; Panuwatwanich, K.; Ruthankoon, R.; Kaewmoracharoen, M. Multiuser immersive virtual reality application for real-time remote collaboration to enhance design review process in the social distancing era. J. Eng. Des. Technol. 2022, 20, 281–298. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Safikhani, S.; Keller, S.; Schweiger, G.; Pirker, J. Immersive virtual reality for extending the potential of building information modeling in architecture, engineering, and construction sector: Systematic review. Int. J. Digit. Earth 2022, 15, 503–526. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kim, J.I.; Li, S.; Chen, X.; Keung, C.; Suh, M.; Kim, T.W. Evaluation framework for BIM-based VR applications in design phase. J. Comput. Des. Eng. 2021, 8, 910–922. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rauf, H.L.; Shareef, S.S.; Othman, N.N. Innovation in Architecture Education: Collaborative Learning Method Through Virtual Reality. J. High. Educ. Theory Pract. 2021, 21, 33–40. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wen, J.; Gheisari, M. Using virtual reality to facilitate communication in the AEC domain: A systematic review. Constr. Innov. 2020, 20, 509–542. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hong, S.W.; El Antably, A.; Kalay, Y.E. Architectural design creativity in Multi-User Virtual Environment: A comparative analysis between remote collaboration media. Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. 2019, 46, 826–844. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chowdhury, S.; Schnabel, M.A. Laypeople’s Collaborative Immersive Virtual Reality Design Discourse in Neighborhood Design. Front. Robot. AI 2019, 6, 1–10. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kim, I.; Hong, S.; Lee, J.H.; Bazin, J.C. Overlay Design Methodology for virtual environment design within digital games. Adv. Eng. Inform. 2018, 38, 458–473. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zaker, R.; Coloma, E. Virtual reality-integrated workflow in BIM-enabled projects collaboration and design review: A case study. Vis. Eng. 2018, 6, 1–15. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- George, B.H.; Sleipness, O.R.; Quebbeman, A. Using virtual reality as a design input: Impacts on collaboration in a university design studio setting. J. Digit. Landsc. Archit. 2017, 2017, 252–259. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hong, S.W.; Jeong, Y.; Kalay, Y.E.; Jung, S.; Lee, J. Enablers and barriers of the multi-user virtual environment for exploratory creativity in architectural design collaboration. CoDesign 2016, 12, 151–170. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, X.; Love, P.E.D.; Kim, M.J.; Wang, W. Mutual awareness in collaborative design: An Augmented Reality integrated telepresence system. Comput. Ind. 2014, 65, 314–324. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sheng, Y.; Yapo, T.C.; Young, C.; Cutler, B. A Spatially Augmented Reality Sketching Interface for Architectural Daylighting Design. IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph. 2011, 17, 38–50. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Yu, R.; Gu, N.; Ostwald, M.J. Computational Design: Technology, Cognition and Environments, 1st ed.; CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group: Boca Raton, FL, USA, 2021. [Google Scholar]
- Yu, R.; Ostwald, M.J. Comparing Architects’ Perceptions of the Usefulness of Digital Design Environments with their Aspirations for Sustainable Design in Australia. J. Sustain. Archit. Civ. Eng. 2021, 2021, 5–20. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Azuma, R.T. A Survey of Augmented Reality. Presence Teleoperators Virtual Environ. 1997, 6, 355–385. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Billinghurst, M.; Clark, A.; Lee, G. A survey of augmented reality. Found. Trends Hum. -Comput. Interact. 2014, 8, 73–272. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ryan, M.-L. Narrative as Virtual Reality 2: Revisiting Immersion and Interactivity in Literature and Electronic Media; Johns Hopkins University Press: Baltimore, MD, USA, 2015. [Google Scholar]
- Walsh, K.R.; Pawlowski, S.D. Virtual reality: A technology in need of IS research. Commun. Assoc. Inf. Syst. 2002, 8, 20. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Schubert, T.; Friedmann, F.; Regenbrecht, H. The experience of presence: Factor analytic insights. Presence Teleoperators Virtual Environ. 2001, 10, 266–281. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Slater, M.; Steed, A. A virtual presence counter. Presence Teleoperators Virtual Environ. 2000, 9, 413–434. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Sundar, S.S.; Xu, Q.; Bellur, S. Designing interactivity in media interfaces: A communications perspective. Conf. Hum. Factors Comput. Syst. Proc. 2010, 4, 2247–2256. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Steuer, J. Defining virtual reality: Dimensions determining telepresence. J. Commun. 1992, 42, 73–93. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sidani, A.; Dinis, F.M.; Sanhudo, L.; Duarte, J.; Santos Baptista, J.; Poças Martins, J.; Soeiro, A. Recent Tools and Techniques of BIM-Based Virtual Reality: A Systematic Review. Arch. Comput. Methods Eng. 2021, 28, 449–462. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hilfert, T.; König, M. Low-cost virtual reality environment for engineering and construction. Vis. Eng. 2016, 4, 1–18. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Asgari, Z.; Rahimian, F.P. Advanced Virtual Reality Applications and Intelligent Agents for Construction Process Optimisation and Defect Prevention. Procedia Eng. 2017, 196, 1130–1137. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Wang, X.; Dunston, P.S. User perspectives on mixed reality tabletop visualization for face-to-face collaborative design review. Autom. Constr 2008, 17, 399–412. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Piroozfar, P.; Essa, A.; NewSchool, E.R.P.F. The application of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in the construction industry using wearable devices. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Construction in the 21st Century, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 5–7 March 2017. [Google Scholar]
- Damen, T.; MacDonald, M.; Hartmann, T.; Giulio, R.D.; Bonsma, P.; Luig, K.; Sebastian, R.; Soetanto, D. Bim based collaborative design technology for collective self-organised housing. In Proceedings of the 40th IAHS World Congress on Housing: Sustainable Housing Construction, Funchal, Portugal, 16–19 December 2014. [Google Scholar]
- Billinghurst, M.; Kato, H.; Kiyokawa, K.; Belcher, D.; Poupyrev, I. Experiments with Face-To-Face Collaborative AR Interfaces. Virtual Real. 2002, 6, 107–121. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cidota, M.; Lukosch, S.; Datcu, D.; Lukosch, H. Workspace Awareness in Collaborative AR using HMDs: A User Study Comparing Audio and Visual Notifications. In Proceedings of the 7th Augmented Human International Conference 2016, Geneva, Switzerland, 25–27 February 2016; p. 3. [Google Scholar]
- Dunston, P.S.; Wang, X.; Lecturer, S.; Program, P. A hierarchical taxonomy of aec operations for mixed reality applications. J. Inf. Technol. Constr. 2011, 16, 433–444. [Google Scholar]
- Roupé, M.; Johansson, M.; Tallgren, M.V.; Jörnebrant, F.; Tomsa, P.A. Immersive visualization of Building Information Models. In Living Systems and Micro-Utopias: Towards Continuous Designing, Proceedings of the 21st International Conference of the Association for Computer-Aided Architectural Design Research in Asia (CAADRIA 2016), New Delhi, India, 28–30 April 2016; pp. 673–682. [Google Scholar]
- Johansson, M.; Roupé, M.; Bosch-Sijtsema, P. Real-time visualization of building information models (BIM). Autom. Constr. 2015, 54, 69–82. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Calderon-Hernandez, C.; Paes, D.; Irizarry, J.; Brioso, X. Comparing Virtual Reality and 2-Dimensional Drawings for the Visualization of a Construction Project. In Proceedings of the ASCE International Conference on Computing in Civil Engineering 2019, Atlanta, GA, USA, 17–19 June 2019; pp. 17–24. [Google Scholar]
- Hou, L.; Wang, X. Experimental framework for evaluating cognitive workload of using AR system in general assembly task. In Proceedings of the 28th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC 2011), Seoul, Korea, 29 June–2 July 2011; pp. 625–630. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Wang, X.; Love, P.E.D.; Kim, M.J.; Park, C.S.; Sing, C.P.; Hou, L. A conceptual framework for integrating building information modeling with augmented reality. Autom. Constr. 2013, 34, 37–44. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shin, D.H.; Dunston, P.S. Technology development needs for advancing Augmented Reality-based inspection. Autom. Constr. 2010, 19, 169–182. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chi, H.L.; Kang, S.C.; Wang, X. Research trends and opportunities of augmented reality applications in architecture, engineering, and construction. Autom. Constr. 2013, 33, 116–122. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lee, J.; Kim, J.; Ahn, J.; Woo, W. Context-aware risk management for architectural heritage using historic building information modeling and virtual reality. J. Cult. Herit. 2019, 38, 242–252. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shealy, T.; Gero, J.; Hu, M.; Milovanovic, J. Concept generation techniques change patterns of brain activation during engineering design. Des. Sci. 2020, 6, e31. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hermund, A.; Klint, L.; Bundgaard, T. BIM with VR for Architectural Simulations Building Information Models in Virtual Reality as an Architectural and Urban Designtool. In Proceedings of the ACE 2018, Singapore, 14–15 May 2018. [Google Scholar]
- Dorst, K.; Cross, N. Creativity in the design process: Co-evolution of problem-solution. Des. Stud. 2001, 22, 425–437. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Wu, T.-H.; Wu, F.; Kang, S.-C.; Chi, H.-L. Comparison of Virtual Communication Environment for Remote BIM Model Review Collaboration. In Proceedings of the 36th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC), Banff, AB, Canada, 21–24 May 2019; pp. 1149–1154. [Google Scholar]
- Okeil, A. Hybrid design environments: Immersive and non-immersive architectural design. ITcon 2010, 15, 202–216. [Google Scholar]
- Davila Delgado, J.M.; Oyedele, L.; Demian, P.; Beach, T. A research agenda for augmented and virtual reality in architecture, engineering and construction. Adv. Eng. Inform. 2020, 45, 101122. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Castelo-Branco, R.; Leitão, A. Algorithmic Design in Virtual Reality. Architecture 2022, 2, 31–52. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Idi, D.B.; Khaidzir, K.A.M. Critical perspective of design collaboration: A review. Front. Archit. Res. 2018, 7, 544–560. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
No. | Journal | Author & Year | Article Title | Type of ImVR | Focus of Design Collaboration | Main Research Content | Project Stage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Automation in Construction | [30] | A multi-user collaborative BIM-AR system to support design and construction | BIM and AR | Multi-stakeholder collaboration | Presented a BIM-AR system that provides the ability to view, interact with, and collaborate with 3D and 2D BIM data via AR with geographically dispersed teams. | Multiple stages |
2 | Automation in Construction | [31] | From BIM to extended reality in AEC industry | Extended reality | Technologies for construction collaboration between stakeholders | Explored outsourcing patterns for technologies among construction project stakeholders. | Multiple stages |
3 | Automation in Construction | [32] | Virtual reality applications for the built environment: Research trends and opportunities | VR | Design collaboration, multi-user virtual construction | Review paper; reviewed VR applications in AEC. | Multiple stages |
4 | Automation in Construction | [33] | OpenBIM-Tango integrated virtual showroom for offsite manufactured production of self-build housing | BIM, VR, and AR | Early involvement of stakeholders and end-users | Streamlined the design process and provided a pared-down agnostic openBIM system with low latency and included concurrent user accessibility. | Design stage |
5 | Automation in Construction | [34] | Zero latency: Real-time synchronization of BIM data in Virtual Reality for collaborative decision-making | BIM and VR | Improvement of collaboration in AEC industry | Proposed a BIM VR real-time synchronisation system based on an innovative cloud-based BIM metadata interpretation and communication method. | Design stage |
6 | Automation in Construction | [35] | Immersive virtual environments versus physical built environments: A benchmarking study for building design and user-built environment explorations | Immersive virtual environments | End-user involvement | Explored the use of immersive virtual environments during the design, construction, and operation phases of AEC projects. | Multiple stages |
7 | Automation in Construction | [12] | Technological advancements in synchronous collaboration: The effect of 3D virtual worlds and tangible user interfaces on architectural design | 3d virtual worlds and tangible user interface | Design collaboration | Presented and evaluated two current advancements of collaborative technologies for architectural design. | Design stage |
8 | Journal of Information Technology in Construction | [36] | The impact of avatars, social norms and copresence on the collaboration effectiveness of AEC virtual teams | VR | Virtual team collaboration on AEC project | Review paper; examined collaboration effectiveness of global virtual engineering project teams. | Multiple stages |
9 | Journal of Information Technology in Construction | [37] | Virtual Reality for the built environment: A critical review of recent advances | VR and virtual environment applications | Benefits for collaboration | Review paper; presented a classification framework to reveal the scholarly coverage of VR and virtual environment. | Multiple stages |
10 | Journal of Information Technology in Construction | [38] | Case studies using multiuser virtual worlds as an innovative platform for collaborative design | Multi-user virtual worlds | Collaboration between designers | Investigated the innovative use of emerging multiuser virtual world technologies for supporting human–human collaboration and human–computer co-creativity in design. | Design stage |
11 | Journal of Information Technology in Construction | [39] | Framework for model-based competency management for design in physical and virtual worlds | Virtual worlds | Design collaboration | Explored differences and commonalities in competencies for design in the physical and virtual worlds by examining design input, process, and outcome. | Design stage |
12 | Journal of Construction Engineering and Management | [24] | State-of-the-Art review on Mixed Reality applications in the AECO industry | MR | Multi-user collaboration | Review paper; reviewed MR technology applications in the AECO industry. | Multiple stages |
13 | Journal of Construction Engineering and Management | [40] | Virtual collaborative design environment: Supporting seamless integration of multitouch table and immersive VR | VR | Multi-stakeholder collaboration | Presented the design and evaluation of a virtual collaborative design environment. | Design stage |
14 | Applied Sciences (Switzerland) | [41] | Developing a BIM-based MUVR treadmill system for architectural design review and collaboration | BIM based Multi-user VR | High-level immersion in architectural design review and collaboration | Presented a system framework that integrates multi-user virtual reality (MUVR) applications into omnidirectional treadmills. | Design review |
15 | Applied Sciences (Switzerland) | [25] | End-Users’ Augmented Reality utilization for architectural design review | AR | End-user involvement in design review | Investigated how the AR system affects architectural design review from users’ perspectives. | Design review |
16 | Applied Sciences (Switzerland) | [42] | Trends and research issues of Augmented Reality studies in architectural and civil engineering education—A review of academic journal publications | AR | Collaboration between academia and practice | Review paper; reviewed AR in AEC education, with a focus on collaboration promoting optimal connection between general pedagogy and domain-specific learning. | Multiple stages |
17 | Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology | [43] | Multiuser immersive Virtual Reality application for real-time remote collaboration to enhance design review process in the social distancing era | Immersive VR | Collaboration in design review | Explored design review process conducted among participants remotely located. | Design review |
18 | International Journal of Digital Earth | [44] | Immersive Virtual Reality for extending the potential of building information modeling in architecture, engineering, and construction sector: systematic review | Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Immersive VR | Communication and collaboration in design, construction, operation, and maintenance phases | Review paper; reviewed most commonly adopted technologies, applications, and evaluation methods of VR. | Multiple stages |
19 | Journal of Computational Design and Engineering | [45] | Evaluation framework for BIM-based VR applications in design phase | BIM and VR | Multi-user collaboration | Developed an evaluation framework for BIM-based VR applications focused on the design phase of projects. | Design stage |
20 | Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice | [46] | Innovation in architecture education: Collaborative learning method through Virtual Reality | VR | Collaborative learning | Review paper; reviewed VR encounters and long-term collaborative learning approaches. | Design education |
21 | Construction Innovation | [47] | Using Virtual Reality to facilitate communication in the AEC domain: A systematic review | VR | Multi-stakeholder collaboration | Review paper; explored how VR has been applied for communication purposes in AEC. | Multiple stages |
22 | Environment and Planning B-Urban Analytics and City Science | [48] | Architectural design creativity in multi-user virtual environment: A comparative analysis between remote collaboration media | VR | Multi-user virtual environments | Investigated the affordance of multi-user virtual environments for the production of novel and appropriate solutions in remote collaboration. | Design stage |
23 | Frontiers in Robotics and AI | [49] | Laypeople’s collaborative immersive Virtual Reality design discourse in neighborhood design | VR | Virtual participatory urban design | Protocol study; explored design communication and participation of laypeople in a virtual participatory urban design process. | Design stage |
24 | Advanced Engineering Informatics | [50] | Overlay design methodology for virtual environment design within digital games | VR | Design collaboration | Protocol study; explored the use of overlay design methodology for the creation of virtual environments within digital gaming contexts. | Design stage |
25 | Visualization in Engineering | [51] | Virtual Reality-integrated workflow in BIM-enabled projects collaboration and design review: A case study | BIM and VR | Collaboration in design review | Developed and tested a VR integrated collaboration workflow. | Design review |
26 | Journal of Digital Landscape Architecture | [52] | Using Virtual Reality as a design input: Impacts on collaboration in a university design studio setting | Immersive VR | Student learning and group collaboration | Presented the application of immersive VR to assist landscape architecture students in design. | Design education |
27 | Co-Design | [53] | Enablers and barriers of the multi-user virtual environment for exploratory creativity in architectural design collaboration | Multi-user virtual environment | Architectural design collaboration | Explored the design collaboration process using multi-user virtual environment and sketching media in face-to-face and remote collaboration modes. | Design stage |
28 | Computers in Industry | [54] | Mutual awareness in collaborative design: An Augmented Reality integrated telepresence system | AR | Design collaboration | Proposed a new computer-mediated remote collaborative design system, TeleAR, to enhance the distributed cognition among remote designers. | Design stage |
29 | IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics | [55] | A spatially Augmented Reality sketching interface for architectural daylighting design | AR | Collaboration between designers and end-users | Presented an application of interactive global illumination and spatially augmented reality to architectural daylight modelling. | Design stage |
Virtual Design Collaboration Tools | Project Stages | Collaboration Means | Interoperability | Accessibility | Design Support |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
The Wild (https://thewild.com/) | Multiple stages | Annotation (speech to text) for design review | Revit, SketchUp, BIM 360 | VR, desktop or mobile | Sketching, Inspection of object BIM data |
IrisVR (joined Wild) (https://irisvr.com/) | Multiple stages | Optimised Revit to VR workflow, multi-user meetings, collaborative tracking, annotation, other user controls, BIM coordination. | Revit, Sketchup, Navisworks, Rhino | VR or desktop | Inspection of elements, tape measure, scale model mode, sun studies |
Generic communication tools such as Zoom (https://zoom.us/), Teams (https://www.microsoft.com/en-au/microsoft-teams/log-in (accessed on 12 September 2022)), Slack (https://slack.com/intl/en-au/in (accessed on 12 September 2022)), Miro (https://miro.com/), Asana (https://asana.com/). | Multiple stages | Multi-user meeting, 3D model viewing, 2D shared white board, visual timeline, calendar, chat box | - | - | 3D model viewing, 2D drawing sharing. |
Fuzor (https://www.kalloctech.com/) | Multiple stages with a focus on construction | Multi-user view | Revit, Rhino | VR, desktop or mobile | Flythrough and walkthrough videos |
BIM 360 (https://www.autodesk.com/bim-360/in (accessed on 12 September 2022)) | Multiple stages with a focus on construction | Multi-user model modification | BIM | Desktop | Model modification |
Hyve3D (https://www.hyve3d.com/) | Ideation | Multi-user model modification, sketching | Can import model from Revit, SketchUp, but primarily focus on sketching | Need iPad Pro, Macbook Pro, and 4K projector, but does not require a headset | 3D sketching simultaneously in complementary (orthogonal) representations. |
Arkio (https://www.arkio.is/) | Ideation, modelling | Multi-user model modification, sketching | Revit, SketchUp, BIM 360, Rhnio | AR/VR or mobile | Parametric design, sketching, real-time Boolean operations and parametric volumes, sun studies, PC spectator mode, see inside with sections, smart guides, integrated street map, and instantly enable 3D buildings from OpenStreetMap, etc. |
Mindesk (https://mindeskvr.com/) | Ideation, design review | 3D/surface modelling, multi-user model modification, navigation, selection, review and co-presence and use of body language for communication | Revit, Rhino, Grasshopper, Solid works | VR or desktop | Parametric design, Unreal Studio and OBS Studio for VR |
Theia BigRoom (upcoming) (https://www.theia.io/bigroom/in (accessed on 12 September 2022)) | Design review | Multi-user meeting, 3D sketching tools, whiteboard drawing tools, ideation boards, task lists and post-it notes | BIM | VR, desktop or mobile | Unreal engine, interactive sun + sky. |
Unity Reflect review (https://unity.com/products/unity-reflect-reviewin (accessed on 12 September 2022)) | Design review | Walkthroughs in VR and AR, annotation, and filter BIM data to effectively communicate design intent to stakeholders | Revit, SketchUp, BIM 360, Navisworks, Rhino | AR/VR, desktop, or mobile | Sun studies, overlay models in 1:1 AR at scale (marker-based or tabletop) |
Resolve (https://www.resolvebim.com/) | Design review, facility management | Annotation (speech to text), multi-user meeting | BIM | VR or desktop | Annotate by measuring and sketching, issue tracking integration with BIM 360, inspect BIM properties |
Trezi (https://trezi.com/) | Manufacturing | Multi-user meeting | BIM | VR or desktop | Model modification, design review |
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. |
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Yu, R.; Gu, N.; Lee, G.; Khan, A. A Systematic Review of Architectural Design Collaboration in Immersive Virtual Environments. Designs 2022, 6, 93. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs6050093
Yu R, Gu N, Lee G, Khan A. A Systematic Review of Architectural Design Collaboration in Immersive Virtual Environments. Designs. 2022; 6(5):93. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs6050093
Chicago/Turabian StyleYu, Rongrong, Ning Gu, Gun Lee, and Ayaz Khan. 2022. "A Systematic Review of Architectural Design Collaboration in Immersive Virtual Environments" Designs 6, no. 5: 93. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs6050093
APA StyleYu, R., Gu, N., Lee, G., & Khan, A. (2022). A Systematic Review of Architectural Design Collaboration in Immersive Virtual Environments. Designs, 6(5), 93. https://doi.org/10.3390/designs6050093