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Article

Age and Not the Preferred Limb Influences the Kinematic Structure of Pointing Movements

by
Kurt W. Kornatz
1,
Brach Poston
2,* and
George E. Stelmach
3
1
Department of Exercise Physiology, Winston-Salem State University, Winston-Salem, NC 27110, USA
2
Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
3
Department of Kinesiology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2021, 6(4), 100; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk6040100
Submission received: 8 November 2021 / Revised: 2 December 2021 / Accepted: 4 December 2021 / Published: 8 December 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applied Sport Physiology and Performance—2nd Edition)
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Abstract

In goal-directed movements, effective open-loop control reduces the need for feedback-based corrective submovements. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of hand preference and aging on submovements during single- and two-joint pointing movements. A total of 12 young and 12 older right-handed participants performed pointing movements that involved either elbow extension or a combination of elbow extension and horizontal shoulder flexion with their right and left arms to a target. Kinematics were used to separate the movements into their primary and secondary submovements. The older adults exhibited slower movements, used secondary submovements more often, and produced relatively shorter primary submovements. However, there were no interlimb differences for either age group or for the single- and two-joint movements. These findings indicate that open-loop control is similar between arms but compromised in older compared to younger adults.
Keywords: aging; laterality; aiming; submovement aging; laterality; aiming; submovement

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kornatz, K.W.; Poston, B.; Stelmach, G.E. Age and Not the Preferred Limb Influences the Kinematic Structure of Pointing Movements. J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2021, 6, 100. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk6040100

AMA Style

Kornatz KW, Poston B, Stelmach GE. Age and Not the Preferred Limb Influences the Kinematic Structure of Pointing Movements. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology. 2021; 6(4):100. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk6040100

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kornatz, Kurt W., Brach Poston, and George E. Stelmach. 2021. "Age and Not the Preferred Limb Influences the Kinematic Structure of Pointing Movements" Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 6, no. 4: 100. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk6040100

APA Style

Kornatz, K. W., Poston, B., & Stelmach, G. E. (2021). Age and Not the Preferred Limb Influences the Kinematic Structure of Pointing Movements. Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, 6(4), 100. https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk6040100

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