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Volume 11
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10.3390/fishes11050275
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Article

The lncRNA011760/miR-Novel-91/NIPA2 ceRNA Network Regulates Salinity Stress Response in Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus)

by
Yi Tian
1,
Junwei Chen
1,
Yudi Zhao
1,
Jiawei Zhong
1,
Haotian Xue
1,
Xin Wei
1 and
Qiang Gao
2,*
1
Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Heishijiao Street, No. 52, Dalian 116023, China
2
College of Marine Science and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Fishes 2026, 11(5), 275; https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11050275
Submission received: 2 April 2026 / Revised: 2 May 2026 / Accepted: 5 May 2026 / Published: 8 May 2026
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Abstract

Low-salinity stress poses a critical constraint on commercial aquaculture and the survival of the sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus). This study investigated the regulatory network involving lncRNA011760, miR-novel-91, and their target gene NIPA2 in response to salinity fluctuations. Using integrated in vivo and in vitro functional assays, we demonstrate that lncRNA011760 acts as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to sponge miR-novel-91, thereby alleviating the post-transcriptional repression of NIPA2. Based on these molecular dynamics, we propose a novel inhibition-adaptation-survival three-stage model. Initially (0–3 h), acute NIPA2 upregulation enhances Mg2+ transport efficiency to mitigate osmotic shock. During the mid-stage (3–24 h), miR-novel-91-mediated NIPA2 suppression creates a transient biosynthetic window, facilitating a shift from passive tolerance to active metabolic adaptation. Ultimately (24–48 h), lncRNA-driven NIPA2 restoration sustains Mg2+ homeostasis, allowing the organism to enter a low-metabolism survival mode. These stage-specific shifts reflect the inherent physiological strategies of sea cucumbers as osmoconformers.
Keywords: Apostichopus japonicus; salinity stress; ceRNA network; NIPA2 Apostichopus japonicus; salinity stress; ceRNA network; NIPA2

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tian, Y.; Chen, J.; Zhao, Y.; Zhong, J.; Xue, H.; Wei, X.; Gao, Q. The lncRNA011760/miR-Novel-91/NIPA2 ceRNA Network Regulates Salinity Stress Response in Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus). Fishes 2026, 11, 275. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11050275

AMA Style

Tian Y, Chen J, Zhao Y, Zhong J, Xue H, Wei X, Gao Q. The lncRNA011760/miR-Novel-91/NIPA2 ceRNA Network Regulates Salinity Stress Response in Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus). Fishes. 2026; 11(5):275. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11050275

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tian, Yi, Junwei Chen, Yudi Zhao, Jiawei Zhong, Haotian Xue, Xin Wei, and Qiang Gao. 2026. "The lncRNA011760/miR-Novel-91/NIPA2 ceRNA Network Regulates Salinity Stress Response in Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus)" Fishes 11, no. 5: 275. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11050275

APA Style

Tian, Y., Chen, J., Zhao, Y., Zhong, J., Xue, H., Wei, X., & Gao, Q. (2026). The lncRNA011760/miR-Novel-91/NIPA2 ceRNA Network Regulates Salinity Stress Response in Sea Cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus). Fishes, 11(5), 275. https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes11050275

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