Previous Article in Journal
Voxel Size and Field of View Influence on Periodontal Bone Assessment Using Four CBCT Systems: An Experimental Ex Vivo Analysis
Previous Article in Special Issue
Anatomical Variations and Morphometry of Carotid Sinus: A Computed Tomography Study
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Tomography
Volume 11
Issue 7
10.3390/tomography11070075
tomography-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Endovascular Treatment of Extracranial Arteriovenous Malformations: A Retrospective Monocentric Case-Series Study

by
Giuseppe Sarti
1,
Giovanni Barbato
2,*,
Francesco Tiralongo
3,*,
Gianpaolo Santini
2,
Francesco Arienzo
2,
Davide Nilo
4,
Fabio Tortora
1,
Alfonso Reginelli
5,
Rosita Comune
6,
Maria Borrelli
6,
Stefania Tamburrini
6,
Antonio Basile
3 and
Mariano Scaglione
7,8
1
Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University “Federico II”, Via Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
2
Department of Interventional Radiology, Ospedale del Mare ASL Napoli1 Centro, 80142 Naples, Italy
3
Radiology Unit 1, Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia”, University Hospital Policlinico “G. Rodolico-San Marco”, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
4
Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
5
Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
6
Department of Radiology, Ospedale del Mare ASL Napoli1 Centro, 80142 Naples, Italy
7
Radiology Department of Surgery, Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Viale S. Pietro, 07100 Sassari, Italy
8
Department of Radiology, James Cook University Hospital & Teesside University, Marton Road Marton Rd., Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, UK
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Tomography 2025, 11(7), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/tomography11070075 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 13 March 2025 / Revised: 4 June 2025 / Accepted: 24 June 2025 / Published: 26 June 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: Extracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare congenital vascular anomalies that often require endovascular treatment due to symptoms such as pain, bleeding, or functional impairment. Endovascular strategies include arterial, venous, or combined embolization approaches; however, recurrence remains a major challenge. We retrospectively evaluate the technical success, safety, and clinical outcomes of arterial-only versus combined arterial and venous embolization for the treatment of extracranial AVMs. Materials and Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 14 patients (mean age 31.8 ± 21.7 years; 64% female) with symptomatic extracranial AVMs (Schobinger stage II) treated between 2017 and 2023. AVMs were classified angiographically (Yakes classification) and treated with embolization via arterial or combined access routes. The primary endpoint was technical success (defined as angiographic nidus occlusion), while secondary endpoints included clinical recurrence and procedure-related complications. Follow-up included clinical and Doppler ultrasound assessments. Results: Nine patients (64%) underwent arterial embolization alone; five (36%) received combined arterial and venous embolization, including Lauromacrogol injection via direct puncture. Technical success was achieved in all cases (100%). Clinical recurrence occurred in two patients (14%), both from the arterial-only group. One major complication (tongue ischemia) occurred in a single patient (7%). No complications or recurrences were observed in the combined treatment group. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in recurrence or complication rates between groups.
Keywords: arteriovenous malformation; embolization; endovascular treatment; Lauromacrogol; high-flow vascular malformation arteriovenous malformation; embolization; endovascular treatment; Lauromacrogol; high-flow vascular malformation

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Sarti, G.; Barbato, G.; Tiralongo, F.; Santini, G.; Arienzo, F.; Nilo, D.; Tortora, F.; Reginelli, A.; Comune, R.; Borrelli, M.; et al. Endovascular Treatment of Extracranial Arteriovenous Malformations: A Retrospective Monocentric Case-Series Study. Tomography 2025, 11, 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/tomography11070075

AMA Style

Sarti G, Barbato G, Tiralongo F, Santini G, Arienzo F, Nilo D, Tortora F, Reginelli A, Comune R, Borrelli M, et al. Endovascular Treatment of Extracranial Arteriovenous Malformations: A Retrospective Monocentric Case-Series Study. Tomography. 2025; 11(7):75. https://doi.org/10.3390/tomography11070075

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sarti, Giuseppe, Giovanni Barbato, Francesco Tiralongo, Gianpaolo Santini, Francesco Arienzo, Davide Nilo, Fabio Tortora, Alfonso Reginelli, Rosita Comune, Maria Borrelli, and et al. 2025. "Endovascular Treatment of Extracranial Arteriovenous Malformations: A Retrospective Monocentric Case-Series Study" Tomography 11, no. 7: 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/tomography11070075

APA Style

Sarti, G., Barbato, G., Tiralongo, F., Santini, G., Arienzo, F., Nilo, D., Tortora, F., Reginelli, A., Comune, R., Borrelli, M., Tamburrini, S., Basile, A., & Scaglione, M. (2025). Endovascular Treatment of Extracranial Arteriovenous Malformations: A Retrospective Monocentric Case-Series Study. Tomography, 11(7), 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/tomography11070075

Article Metrics

Article metric data becomes available approximately 24 hours after publication online.
Back to TopTop