Data-Driven Thermal Anomaly Detection in Large Battery Packs †
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Anomaly Detection Algorithms
3. Synthetic Anomalous Data
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Battery System and Data
4.2. Validation of Synthetic Anomalous Data
4.2.1. Air–Flow Anomaly Affecting a Single Cell’s Temperature
4.2.2. Air–Flow Anomaly Affecting Two Cells’ Temperatures
4.3. Experimental ESC testing
4.3.1. Testing on Single-Cell ESC
4.3.2. Statistical Testing on Module ESC
4.4. Statistical Testing Using Synthetic Anomalous Data
4.5. Retraining after Balancing Events
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Voltage PCA | Temperature PCA | ||
---|---|---|---|
7 | 4 | ||
[V] | 0.0018 | [°C] | 0.3205 |
0.0423 | 0.0353 | ||
0.0366 | 0.0082 | ||
0.1830 | 0.0410 |
Anomaly Type | ISC | Air Flow | Loose Temperature Sense Lead | Loose Voltage Sense Lead | Voltage Dropout | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Method | Direct | PCA | Direct | PCA | Direct | PCA | Direct | PCA | Direct | PCA |
DT [min] | 280 | 102 | 312 | 46 | 16 | 6 | 320 | 252 | ||
FNR [%] | 47 | 28 | 26 | 2 | 46 | 16 | 36 | 28 | 49 | 42 |
MAR [%] | 33 | 8 | 19 | 0 | 46 | 14 | 32 | 26 | 35 | 17 |
RT [min] | - | - | - | - | 47 | 257 | 424 | 552 | - | - |
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Bhaskar, K.; Kumar, A.; Bunce, J.; Pressman, J.; Burkell, N.; Rahn, C.D. Data-Driven Thermal Anomaly Detection in Large Battery Packs. Batteries 2023, 9, 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9020070
Bhaskar K, Kumar A, Bunce J, Pressman J, Burkell N, Rahn CD. Data-Driven Thermal Anomaly Detection in Large Battery Packs. Batteries. 2023; 9(2):70. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9020070
Chicago/Turabian StyleBhaskar, Kiran, Ajith Kumar, James Bunce, Jacob Pressman, Neil Burkell, and Christopher D. Rahn. 2023. "Data-Driven Thermal Anomaly Detection in Large Battery Packs" Batteries 9, no. 2: 70. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries9020070