Foliar Supplementation of Clove Fruit Extract and Salicylic Acid Maintains the Performance and Antioxidant Defense System of Solanum tuberosum L. under Deficient Irrigation Regimes

Desoky, El-Sayed M.; Selem, Eman; Abo El-Maati, Mohamed F.; Hassn, Asem A. S. A.; Belal, Hussein E. E.; Rady, Mostafa M.; AL-Harbi, Mohammad S.; Ali, Esmat F.

doi:10.3390/horticulturae7110435

Open AccessArticle

Foliar Supplementation of Clove Fruit Extract and Salicylic Acid Maintains the Performance and Antioxidant Defense System of Solanum tuberosum L. under Deficient Irrigation Regimes

by

El-Sayed M. Desoky

¹

,

Eman Selem

²,

Mohamed F. Abo El-Maati

³

,

Asem A. S. A. Hassn

⁴,

Hussein E. E. Belal

⁵

,

Mostafa M. Rady

^5,*

,

Mohammad S. AL-Harbi

⁶ and

Esmat F. Ali

⁶

¹

Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt

²

Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt

³

Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt

⁴

Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt

⁵

Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt

⁶

Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Horticulturae 2021, 7(11), 435; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7110435

Submission received: 26 August 2021 / Revised: 13 October 2021 / Accepted: 21 October 2021 / Published: 24 October 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biostimulants and Plant Elicitors to Mitigate the Effect of Biotic and Abiotic Stress)

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Abstract

A field trial was conducted twice (in 2020 and 2021) to evaluate the effect of clove fruit extract (CFE) and/or salicylic acid (SA), which were used as a foliar nourishment, on growth and yield traits, as well as physiological and biochemical indices utilizing potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plants irrigated with deficient regimes in an arid environment. Three drip irrigation regimes [e.g., well watering (7400 m³ ha⁻¹), moderate drought (6200 m³ ha⁻¹), and severe drought (5000 m³ ha⁻¹)] were designed for this study. The tested growth, yield, and photosynthetic traits, along with the relative water content, were negatively affected, whereas markers of oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide and superoxide), electrolyte leakage, and peroxidation of membrane lipids (assessed as malondialdehyde level) were augmented along with increased antioxidative defense activities under drought stress. These effects were gradually increased with the gradual reduction in the irrigation regime. However, under drought stress, CFE and/or SA significantly enhanced growth characteristics (fresh and dry weight of plant shoot and plant leaf area) and yield components (average tuber weight, number of plant tubers, and total tuber yield). In addition, photosynthetic attributes (chlorophylls and carotenoids contents, net photosynthetic and transpiration rates, and stomatal conductance) were also improved, and defensive antioxidant components (glutathione, free proline, ascorbate, soluble sugars, and α-tocopherol levels, and activities of glutathione reductase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase) were further enhanced. The study findings advocate the idea of using a CFE+SA combined treatment, which was largely efficient in ameliorating potato plant growth and productivity by attenuating the limiting influences of drought stress in dry environments.

Keywords: potato; drought; antioxidant enzymes; salicylic acid; clove fruit extract; physio-chemical attributes

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MDPI and ACS Style

Desoky, E.-S.M.; Selem, E.; Abo El-Maati, M.F.; Hassn, A.A.S.A.; Belal, H.E.E.; Rady, M.M.; AL-Harbi, M.S.; Ali, E.F. Foliar Supplementation of Clove Fruit Extract and Salicylic Acid Maintains the Performance and Antioxidant Defense System of Solanum tuberosum L. under Deficient Irrigation Regimes. Horticulturae 2021, 7, 435. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7110435

AMA Style

Desoky E-SM, Selem E, Abo El-Maati MF, Hassn AASA, Belal HEE, Rady MM, AL-Harbi MS, Ali EF. Foliar Supplementation of Clove Fruit Extract and Salicylic Acid Maintains the Performance and Antioxidant Defense System of Solanum tuberosum L. under Deficient Irrigation Regimes. Horticulturae. 2021; 7(11):435. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7110435

Chicago/Turabian Style

Desoky, El-Sayed M., Eman Selem, Mohamed F. Abo El-Maati, Asem A. S. A. Hassn, Hussein E. E. Belal, Mostafa M. Rady, Mohammad S. AL-Harbi, and Esmat F. Ali. 2021. "Foliar Supplementation of Clove Fruit Extract and Salicylic Acid Maintains the Performance and Antioxidant Defense System of Solanum tuberosum L. under Deficient Irrigation Regimes" Horticulturae 7, no. 11: 435. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7110435

APA Style

Desoky, E.-S. M., Selem, E., Abo El-Maati, M. F., Hassn, A. A. S. A., Belal, H. E. E., Rady, M. M., AL-Harbi, M. S., & Ali, E. F. (2021). Foliar Supplementation of Clove Fruit Extract and Salicylic Acid Maintains the Performance and Antioxidant Defense System of Solanum tuberosum L. under Deficient Irrigation Regimes. Horticulturae, 7(11), 435. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7110435

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Foliar Supplementation of Clove Fruit Extract and Salicylic Acid Maintains the Performance and Antioxidant Defense System of Solanum tuberosum L. under Deficient Irrigation Regimes

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