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Volume 11
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10.3390/horticulturae11101234
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Article

Comparative Proteomic Analysis Provides Insight into the Effect of Monochromatic Light Wavelength on Metabolic Pathways Regulation of the Edible Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus Grown in Submerged Fermentation

by
Georgios Bakratsas
1,
Martina Samiotaki
2,
Renia Fotiadou
1,†,
Haralambos Stamatis
1 and
Petros Katapodis
1,*
1
Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Applications and Technologies, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
2
Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming”, 16672 Vari, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Current Affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Voutes University Campus, 70013 Heraklion, Greece.
Horticulturae 2025, 11(10), 1234; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11101234
Submission received: 3 September 2025 / Revised: 2 October 2025 / Accepted: 11 October 2025 / Published: 13 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research Progress on Metabolic Regulation and Bioactivity of Functional Ingredients in Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms)
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Abstract

Light plays an essential role in regulating the growth, development, and metabolic activities of the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. In this research, the influence of white, blue, green, yellow, and red light, and darkness, on the global protein expression of P. ostreatus LGAM 1123 grown in submerged culture was explored. The growth of the fungus was not inhibited by light in any of the conditions tested compared with the dark. However, the mycelial protein content was reduced by 10% under blue and white light. Proteomic analysis revealed distinct proteomes for each light wavelength, with red and blue light presenting the most distinctive proteome profiles. (Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD065402.) Blue light activates pathways such as the citrate cycle (TCA cycle), glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and amino acid biosynthesis, while red light stimulates mRNA-related pathways. GC-MS analysis of the biomass revealed differences in the amino acids, sugars, and lipids produced. The distinct regulation of proteins and bioactive compounds under different light wavelengths suggests that specific wavelengths can direct the metabolism of P. ostreatus into biochemical pathways. These strategies could be beneficial for the food industry because particular nutrients can be increased during the fermentation of edible fungi without the need for genetic engineering of the strain.
Keywords: light; fungi; photoreceptors; proteomics; GC-MS; biomolecules light; fungi; photoreceptors; proteomics; GC-MS; biomolecules
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MDPI and ACS Style

Bakratsas, G.; Samiotaki, M.; Fotiadou, R.; Stamatis, H.; Katapodis, P. Comparative Proteomic Analysis Provides Insight into the Effect of Monochromatic Light Wavelength on Metabolic Pathways Regulation of the Edible Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus Grown in Submerged Fermentation. Horticulturae 2025, 11, 1234. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11101234

AMA Style

Bakratsas G, Samiotaki M, Fotiadou R, Stamatis H, Katapodis P. Comparative Proteomic Analysis Provides Insight into the Effect of Monochromatic Light Wavelength on Metabolic Pathways Regulation of the Edible Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus Grown in Submerged Fermentation. Horticulturae. 2025; 11(10):1234. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11101234

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bakratsas, Georgios, Martina Samiotaki, Renia Fotiadou, Haralambos Stamatis, and Petros Katapodis. 2025. "Comparative Proteomic Analysis Provides Insight into the Effect of Monochromatic Light Wavelength on Metabolic Pathways Regulation of the Edible Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus Grown in Submerged Fermentation" Horticulturae 11, no. 10: 1234. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11101234

APA Style

Bakratsas, G., Samiotaki, M., Fotiadou, R., Stamatis, H., & Katapodis, P. (2025). Comparative Proteomic Analysis Provides Insight into the Effect of Monochromatic Light Wavelength on Metabolic Pathways Regulation of the Edible Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus Grown in Submerged Fermentation. Horticulturae, 11(10), 1234. https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae11101234

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