Fermentation Optimization and Transcriptomic Analysis of Vancomycin Production in Amycolatopsis orientalis

Shao, Jing; Yin, Ying; Wen, Jianping

doi:10.3390/fermentation12060272

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Fermentation Optimization and Transcriptomic Analysis of Vancomycin Production in Amycolatopsis orientalis

by

Jing Shao

^1,2,3,†,

Ying Yin

^4,5,† and

Jianping Wen

^1,2,3,*

¹

State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

²

SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

³

Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China

⁴

College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China

⁵

Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Mongolian Plateau for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010022, China

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Fermentation 2026, 12(6), 272; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation12060272

Submission received: 15 April 2026 / Revised: 22 May 2026 / Accepted: 30 May 2026 / Published: 4 June 2026

(This article belongs to the Section Microbial Metabolism, Physiology & Genetics)

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Abstract

Vancomycin is the drug of last resort against Staphylococcus aureus infections, yet its industrial production is constrained by the inherently low yields of wild-type strains. Through systematic optimization of culture medium and fermentation conditions, we increased vancomycin production by Amycolatopsis orientalis ATCC 19795 from 0.60 g/L to 2.28 g/L, a 3.8-fold improvement. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that this optimized process activated central carbon metabolism, precursor biosynthetic pathways, and the rpm ribosomal gene cluster, thereby enhancing both precursor availability and translational efficiency. Furthermore, the downregulation of genes involved in fatty acid and biotin synthesis redirected carbon flux toward central metabolism and the TCA cycle. This synergistic regulatory network drove a substantial increase in vancomycin production and provides a theoretical foundation for the rational metabolic engineering of industrial production strains.

Keywords: vancomycin; Amycolatopsis orientalis; fermentation process optimization; transcriptomics

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MDPI and ACS Style

Shao, J.; Yin, Y.; Wen, J. Fermentation Optimization and Transcriptomic Analysis of Vancomycin Production in Amycolatopsis orientalis. Fermentation 2026, 12, 272. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation12060272

AMA Style

Shao J, Yin Y, Wen J. Fermentation Optimization and Transcriptomic Analysis of Vancomycin Production in Amycolatopsis orientalis. Fermentation. 2026; 12(6):272. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation12060272

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shao, Jing, Ying Yin, and Jianping Wen. 2026. "Fermentation Optimization and Transcriptomic Analysis of Vancomycin Production in Amycolatopsis orientalis" Fermentation 12, no. 6: 272. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation12060272

APA Style

Shao, J., Yin, Y., & Wen, J. (2026). Fermentation Optimization and Transcriptomic Analysis of Vancomycin Production in Amycolatopsis orientalis. Fermentation, 12(6), 272. https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation12060272

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Fermentation Optimization and Transcriptomic Analysis of Vancomycin Production in Amycolatopsis orientalis

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