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Article

Synthesis of Porous Materials on Hybrid Wormlike Micelles of Zwitterionic and Anionic Surfactants for Efficient Oilfield Wastewater Treatment

1
College of Petroleum Engineering, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying 257061, China
2
Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Reservoir Protection Technology of Oilfields, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Gels 2025, 11(9), 714; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11090714
Submission received: 30 July 2025 / Revised: 29 August 2025 / Accepted: 1 September 2025 / Published: 5 September 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Gel Analysis and Characterization)

Abstract

Addressing the challenge of sulfonated lignite (SL) removal from oilfield wastewater, this study introduces a novel hierarchical MgFe-layered double hydroxide (LDH) adsorbent. The material was fabricated via in situ co-precipitation, utilizing a template formed by the NaCl-induced co-assembly of oleylaminopropyl betaine (OAPB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SLS) into zwitterionic, anionic, shear-responsive viscoelastic gels. This gel-templating approach yielded an LDH structure featuring a hierarchical pore network spanning 1–80 nm and a notably high specific surface area of 199.82 m2/g, as characterized by SEM and BET. The resulting MgFe-LDH demonstrated exceptional efficacy, achieving a SL removal efficiency exceeding 96% and a maximum adsorption capacity of 90.68 mg/g at neutral pH. Adsorption kinetics were best described by a pseudo-second-order model (R2 > 0.99), with intra-particle diffusion identified as the rate-determining step. Equilibrium adsorption data conformed to the Langmuir isotherm, signifying monolayer uptake. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed the process was spontaneous (ΔG < 0) and exothermic (ΔH = −20.09 kJ/mol), driven primarily by electrostatic interactions and ion exchange. The adsorbent exhibited robust recyclability, maintaining over 79% of its initial capacity after three adsorption–desorption cycles. This gel-directed synthesis presents a sustainable pathway for developing high-performance adsorbents targeting complex contaminants in oilfield effluents.
Keywords: sulfonated lignite; hierarchical hydrotalcite; anionic/zwitterionic wormlike micelles sulfonated lignite; hierarchical hydrotalcite; anionic/zwitterionic wormlike micelles

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MDPI and ACS Style

Liu, F.; Li, Z.; Yang, C.; Wu, Y.; Tang, Y. Synthesis of Porous Materials on Hybrid Wormlike Micelles of Zwitterionic and Anionic Surfactants for Efficient Oilfield Wastewater Treatment. Gels 2025, 11, 714. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11090714

AMA Style

Liu F, Li Z, Yang C, Wu Y, Tang Y. Synthesis of Porous Materials on Hybrid Wormlike Micelles of Zwitterionic and Anionic Surfactants for Efficient Oilfield Wastewater Treatment. Gels. 2025; 11(9):714. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11090714

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liu, Fei, Zhenzhen Li, Chenye Yang, Ya Wu, and Ying Tang. 2025. "Synthesis of Porous Materials on Hybrid Wormlike Micelles of Zwitterionic and Anionic Surfactants for Efficient Oilfield Wastewater Treatment" Gels 11, no. 9: 714. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11090714

APA Style

Liu, F., Li, Z., Yang, C., Wu, Y., & Tang, Y. (2025). Synthesis of Porous Materials on Hybrid Wormlike Micelles of Zwitterionic and Anionic Surfactants for Efficient Oilfield Wastewater Treatment. Gels, 11(9), 714. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels11090714

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