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Review

A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America

by
John A. Rossow
1,2,
Flavio Queiroz-Telles
3,
Diego H. Caceres
1,4,
Karlyn D. Beer
1,
Brendan R. Jackson
1,*,
Jose Guillermo Pereira
5,
Isabella Dib Ferreira Gremião
6 and
Sandro Antonio Pereira
6
1
Mycotic Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
2
Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
3
Department of Public Health, Hospital de Cíinicas, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 82015-154, Brazil
4
Center of Expertise in Mycology, Radboudumc/CWZ, 6532 SZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
5
Ministry of Public Health and Social Welfare, National Leprosy Control Program, National Directorate of Health Surveillance, Dermatology Specialty Center, San Lorenzo 2160, Paraguay
6
Laboratory of Clinical Research on Dermatozoonoses in Domestic Animals, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Fungi 2020, 6(4), 247; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040247
Submission received: 23 September 2020 / Revised: 20 October 2020 / Accepted: 21 October 2020 / Published: 26 October 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue One Health Approach: State-of-the-Art on Fungal Infection in the Americas and the Caribbean)
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Abstract

Cat-transmitted sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis has become a major public health concern and presents a distinct divergence from the traditional epidemiology of sporotrichosis. This emerging fungal pathogen spreads readily among cat populations, and human infections occur exclusively via zoonotic transmission. While sporotrichosis is an implantation mycosis that typically manifests as cutaneous lesions in humans and cats, severe extracutaneous manifestations are more common with S. brasiliensis than other Sporothrix species infections. Rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment regimens are critical for successful clinical resolution of sporotrichosis in both cats and humans. Species-level identification of Sporothrix is possible with molecular diagnostics and necessary for tracking the geographic expansion of S. brasiliensis and better understanding its epidemiology. Combatting cat-transmitted sporotrichosis requires a One Health approach to successfully implement public health control measures.
Keywords: sporotrichosis; Sporothrix brasiliensis; cat-transmitted sporotrichosis; One Health; fungi sporotrichosis; Sporothrix brasiliensis; cat-transmitted sporotrichosis; One Health; fungi

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MDPI and ACS Style

Rossow, J.A.; Queiroz-Telles, F.; Caceres, D.H.; Beer, K.D.; Jackson, B.R.; Pereira, J.G.; Ferreira Gremião, I.D.; Pereira, S.A. A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America. J. Fungi 2020, 6, 247. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040247

AMA Style

Rossow JA, Queiroz-Telles F, Caceres DH, Beer KD, Jackson BR, Pereira JG, Ferreira Gremião ID, Pereira SA. A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America. Journal of Fungi. 2020; 6(4):247. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040247

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rossow, John A., Flavio Queiroz-Telles, Diego H. Caceres, Karlyn D. Beer, Brendan R. Jackson, Jose Guillermo Pereira, Isabella Dib Ferreira Gremião, and Sandro Antonio Pereira. 2020. "A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America" Journal of Fungi 6, no. 4: 247. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040247

APA Style

Rossow, J. A., Queiroz-Telles, F., Caceres, D. H., Beer, K. D., Jackson, B. R., Pereira, J. G., Ferreira Gremião, I. D., & Pereira, S. A. (2020). A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America. Journal of Fungi, 6(4), 247. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040247

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