Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal Three New Species of Phyllosticta (Botryosphaeriales, Phyllostictaceae) in China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Isolation and Morphology
2.2. DNA Extraction and Amplification
2.3. Phylogenetic Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Phylogenetic Analyses
3.2. Taxonomy
3.2.1. Phyllosticta fujianensis Y. Jiang, Z.X. Zhang & X.G. Zhang, sp. nov.
3.2.2. Phyllosticta saprophytica Y. Jiang, Z.X. Zhang & X.G. Zhang, sp. nov.
3.2.3. Phyllosticta turpiniae Y. Jiang, Z.X. Zhang & X.G. Zhang, sp. nov.
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Loci | PCR Primers | Sequence (5′–3′) | PCR Cycles | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITS | ITS5 | GGA AGT AAA AGT CGT AAC AAG G | (94 °C: 30 s, 55 °C: 30 s, 72 °C: 1 min) × 35 cycles | [16] |
ITS4 | TCC TCC GCT TAT TGA TAT GC | |||
LSU | LR0R | GTA CCC GCT GAA CTT AAG C | (94 °C: 30 s, 51 °C: 30 s, 72 °C: 1 min) × 35 cycles | [17,18] |
LR7 | TAC TAC CAC CAA GAT CT | |||
TEF1α | EF1-728F | CAT CGA GAA GTT CGA GAA GG | (94 °C: 30 s, 48 °C: 30 s, 72 °C: 1 min) × 35 cycles | [19,20] |
EF2 | GGA RGT ACC AGT SAT CAT GTT | |||
ACT | ACT-512F | ATG TGC AAG GCC GGT TTC GC | (94 °C: 30 s, 52 °C: 30 s, 72 °C: 1 min) × 35 cycles | [20] |
ACT-783R | TAC GAG TCC TTC TGG CCC AT | |||
GPDH | Gpd1-LM | ATT GGC CGC ATC GTC TTC CGC AA | (94 °C: 30 s, 52 °C: 30 s, 72 °C: 1 min) × 35 cycles | [21] |
Gpd2-LM | CCC ACT CGT TGT CGT ACC A |
Species | Conidiogenous Cells | Size of Conidiogenous Cells (μm) | Conidia | Size of Conidia (μm) | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Phyllosticta rhizophorae | Reduced to conidiogenous cells, subcylindrical to ampulliform | 13.0–25.0 × 3.0–5.0 μm | Terminal, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth | 10.0–17.0 × 3.0–5.0 μm | [5] |
P. oblongifoliae | Indistinct | 9.0–14.0 × 2.5–4.5 μm | Hyaline, aseptate, ovoid, ampulliform, ellipsoidal to subglobose | 8.0–13.0 × 6.0–8.0 μm | [7] |
P. pterospermi | Cylindrical, hyaline, smooth | 7.5–11.0 × 2.5–4.5 μm | Hyaline, aseptate, thin- and smooth-walled, obovoid, ellipsoidal to subglobose | 8.0–12.0 × 4.5–8.5 μm | [7] |
P. anhuiensis | Phialidic, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, subcylindrical to ampulliform | 10.0–16.0 × 2.5–4.5 μm | Solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thin- and smooth-walled, coarsely guttulate, globose or ellipsoid to obvoid | 8.5–12.0×5.5–9.0 μm | [8] |
P. guangdongensis | Subcylindrical to ampulliform, hyaline, smooth | 10.0–15.0 × 2.5–4.0 μm | Solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thin and smooth-walled, ellipsoid to obovoid | 10.0–14.0 × 6.0–8.0 μm | [8] |
P. musarum | Cylindrical or conical | 4.0–11.0 × 2.5–5.0 µm | One-celled, obovoidal, ellipsoidal or short cylindrical, pyriform when young | 15.0–18.0 × 9.0–10.0 µm | [9] |
P. phoenicis | Subcylindrical to ampulliform, terminal, hyaline, smooth, coated in a mucoid layer | 9.0–15.0 × 3.0–4.0 μm | Solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thin- and smooth-walled, granular | 10.0–15.0 × 7.0–9.0 μm | [13] |
P. doitungensis | Terminal, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth | 6.0–8.0 × 2.0–4.0 μm | Solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thin and smooth-walled, with a single, large central guttulate, tapering | 5.0–8.0 × 3.5–6.0 μm | [22] |
P. gwangjuensis | Subcylindrical, ampulliform, hyaline | 8.5–22.5 × 3.5–5.5 μm | Ovoid to ellipsoid shape, rounded at both ends | 10.0–13.5 × 7.0–9.0 μm | [23] |
P. citribraziliensis | Subcylindrical to doliiform, hyaline, smooth, coated in a mucoid layer | 7.0–20.0 × 3.0–4.0 μm | Solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thin- and smooth-walled, coarsely guttulate, ellipsoid to obovoid | 10.0–12.0 × 6.0–8.0 μm | [31] |
P. bifrenariae | Subcylindrical to ampulliform, hyaline, smooth | 7.0–10.0 × 4.0–5.0 μm | Solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thin- and smooth-walled, ellipsoid to ovoid or obovoid, tapering toward a narrowly truncate base | 11.0–13.0 × 8.0–9.0 μm | [31] |
P. ericarum |
Subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, coated in a mucoid layer | 12.0–20.0 × 3.0–4.0 μm |
Solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thin- and smooth walled, coarsely guttulate | 8.0–12.0 × 6.0–7.0 μm | [32] |
P. hostae |
Holoblastic, phialidic, cylindrical, subcylindrical to ampulliform, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth | 7.0–22.0 × 2.0–5.0 μm |
Unicellular, thin- and smooth-walled, ellipsoid, subglobose to obovoid, with a large central guttule | 8.0–15.0 × 5.0–9.0 μm | [33] |
P. ilicis-aquifolii |
Holoblastic, phialidic cylindrical, subcylindrical to ampulliform, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth | 12.0–17.0 × 3.0–4.0 μm, | Unicellular, thin-and smooth-walled, globose ellipsoid to obovoid | 12.0–17.0 × 2.0–3.0 μm | [33] |
P. schimae | Holoblastic, phialidic, short cylindrical, subcylindrical to ampulliform, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth | 8.0–30.0 × 2.0–4.0 μm | Unicellular, thin- and smooth-walled, globose, ellipsoid to obovoid | 7.0–13.0 × 4.0–7.0 μm | [33] |
P acaciigena | Terminal, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, coated in a mucoid layer | 7.0–15.0 × 3.0–5.0 μm | Solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thin and smooth-walled, coarsely guttulate, ellipsoid to obovoid | 12.0–15.0 × 7.0–8.0 μm | [34] |
P. ardisiicola | Holoblasticae, hyalinae, cylindricae vel conicae | 5.0–12.5 × 1.2–2.5 μm | Globosa, elliptica vel obovata, primo basi truncata, posterius utrinque rotundata | 7.0–11.0 × 5.0–7.5 μm | [35] |
P. aspidistricola | Hyalinae, cylindricae, conicae vel lageniformes | 7.0–12.5 × 1.2–2.5 μm | Globosa, elliptica vel obovata, primo basi truncata, posterius utrinque rotundata | 9.5–12.5 × 8.5–10.0 μm | [35] |
P. fallopiae | Holoblasticae, hyalinae, cylindricae vel conicae | 5.0–10.0 × 1.2–2.5 μm | globosa, elliptica vel obovata, primo basi truncata, posterius utrinque rotundata | 8.5–12.5 × 6.0–7.5 μm | [35] |
P. aristolochiicola | Hyaline, smooth, subcylindrical to ampulliform | 10.0–20.0 × 2.0–4.0 μm | Subglobose, bovoid, rounded apex, hyaline | 7.0–16.0 × 6.5–11.0 μm | [36] |
P. beaumarisii | Distinctive | Distinctive | One-celled, hyaline, ovoid–ellipsoidal | 7.5–15.0 × 6.5–8.7 μm | [37] |
P. carochlae | Holoblastic, hyaline, cylindrical | 2.0–6.5 × 5.5–13.0 μm | Unicellular, ovoid, obovoid, ellipsoidal to subglobose | 6.0–8.5 × 10.0–12.0 μm | [38] |
P. partricuspidatae | Holoblastic, hyaline, long cylindrical | 2.0–6.0 × 3.5–12.0 μm | Unicellular, thin- and smooth-walled, ampulliform, ovoid, obovoid, ellipsoidal to subglobose | 5.0–8.5 × 8.0–12.0 μm | [38] |
P. schimicola | Holoblastic, hyaline, long cylindrical, subcylindrical to ampulliform | 1.5–4.5 × 5.0–12.0 μm | Unicellular, smooth-walled, ovoid to long ovoid, ampulliform, ellipsoidal to subglobose | 5.0–8.0 × 8.0–11.0 μm | [38] |
P. vitis-rotundifoliae | Holoblastic, hyaline, long cylindrical, subcylindrical to ampulliform | 5.0–11.0 × 2.0–5.5 μm | Unicellular, thin- and smooth-walled, ampulliform, ovoid, obovoid, ellipsoidal to subglobose, truncate at the base | 6.0–9.5 × 9.0–13.0 μm | [38] |
P. cavendishii | Doliiform or subcylindrical, solitary, hyaline | 8.0–12.0 × 4.0–5.0 μm, | Solitary, hyaline, aseptate, coarsely guttulate, thin and smooth-walled | 13.0–16.0 × 8.0–9.0 μm | [39] |
P. maculata | Subcylindrical to doliiform, solitary, hyaline | 9.0–12.0 × 4.0–5.0 μm | Oblong or obovoid to subclavate, apex solitary, hyaline | 16.0–19.0 × 10.0–12.0 μm | [39] |
P. eugeniae | Distinctive | Distinctive | Ovate, hyaline, granular | 9.6–16.8 × 4.8–6.0 μm | [40] |
P. kerriae | Hyalinae, cylindricae vel conicae | 5.0–7.5 × 1.2–2.5 μm | Obovata, primo basi truncata, posterius utrinque rotundata | 9.5–12.5 × 6.0–7.5 μm | [40] |
P. citrimaxima | Phialidic, cylindrical, hyaline | 3.0–5.0 × 1.0–2.0 μm | Ellipsoidal, hyaline, one-celled, smooth | 5.0–8.0 × 3.0–7.0 μm | [41] |
P. mangifera-indicae | Lining the inner wall, phialidic, cylindrical, hyaline | 3.0–5.0 × 3.0–4.0 μm | Ellipsoidal, hyaline, aseptate, smooth | 6.0–13.0 × 4.0–6.0 μm | [41] |
P. musaechinensis | Hyaline, aseptate, coarsely guttulate, ellipsoidal or clavate, thin- and smooth-walled | 14.0–18.0 × 8.0–12.0 μm | Hyaline, aseptate, coarsely guttulate, ellipsoidal, clavate or irregular, thin- and smooth-walled | 5.5–22.5 × 8.5–13.0 μm | [42] |
P. paracapitalensis | Terminal, subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, coated in a mucoid layer | 7.0–15.0 × 3.0–4.0 μm | Solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thin and smooth-walled, granular | 3.0–14.0 × 6.0–7.0 μm | [43] |
P. paracitricarpa | Subcylindrical, hyaline, smooth, coated in a mucoid layer | 12.0–17.0 × 3.0–4.0 μm | Solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thin- and smooth-walled, granular | 11.0–15.0 × 7.0–9.0 μm | [43] |
P. parthenocissi | Cylindrical or conical | 7.5–12.5 × 2.5–3.5 μm | One-celled, globose or subglobose | 7.5–10.0 × 6.0–9.0 μm | [44] |
P. styracicola | Holoblastic, hyaline, cylindrical | 2.0–3.5 × 8.0–12.5 μm |
One-celled, ellipsoidal to subglobose, surrounded by a thick mucilaginous layer | 9.5–13.0 × 6.5–9.0 μm | [45] |
P. catimbauensis | Terminal, subcylindrical to ampulliform, hyaline, smooth | 9.5–10.5 × 3–3.5 μm | Solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thin- and smooth-walled, granular, ellipsoid, globose, subglobose | 8.5–10.5 × 5.5–6 μm | [46] |
P. citrichinensis | Holoblasticae, phialidicae, breviter cylindricae, lageniformes, singulae, hyalina, tenui-muratas, laevia | 6.0–12.0 × 2.0–5.0 μm | Elliptica vel ovoidea, utrinque rotundata, singulae, muratis-levi, strato mucoso circumdantia | 8.0–12.0 × 6.0–9.0 μm | [47] |
P. elongata | Distinctive | Distinctive | Anguste obovatis | 9.0–14.0 × 5.0–8.0 μm | [48] |
P. hymenocallidicola | Terminal, subcylindrical to doliiform, hyaline, smooth, coated with a mucoid layer | 7.0–15.0 × 3.0–4.0 μm | Solitary, hyaline, aseptate, thin- and smooth-walled, coarsely guttulate, or with large, single, central guttule, ellipsoid to obovoid | 8.0–11.0 × 6.0–7.0 μm | [49] |
P. iridigena | Doliiform, hyaline, smooth, proliferating percurrently at apex | 4.0–7.0 × 4.0–6.0 μm | Solitary, ellipsoid to obovoid, aseptate, smooth, hyaline, guttulate, granular | 10.0–15.0 × 7.0–9.0 μm | [50] |
P. ophiopogonis | Holoblastic, determinate, discrete, hyaline, sometimes, rarely integrated | 7.0–12.0 × 2.0–4.0 μm | Hyaline, one-celled, coarse-guttulate, smooth-walled, globose, ellipsoidal, clavate or obclavate | 10.0–14.0 × 7.0–8.0 μm | [51] |
P. saprophytica | Oval to ampule, smooth, clear | 11.0–15.0 × 2.5–3.5 μm | Transparent, without diaphragm, with thin, smooth walls, ovoid, ampulliform | 13.0–15.0 × 5.5–7.0 μm | This study |
P. fujianensis | Subcylindrical, ampulliform, hyaline, smooth | 10.0–14.0 × 1.5–2.0 μm | Without diaphragm, with thin smooth walls, ovoid, ampoule-shaped | 10.0–11.0 × 3.5–5.0 μm | This study |
P. turpiniae | Terminal, subcylindrical, ampulliform, hyaline, smooth | 9.0–20.0 × 2.5–5.0 μm | Hyaline, aseptate, thin- and smooth-walled | 17.0–22.0 × 8.0–10.0 μm | This study |
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Jiang, Y.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, J.; Wang, S.; Zhang, X. Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal Three New Species of Phyllosticta (Botryosphaeriales, Phyllostictaceae) in China. J. Fungi 2024, 10, 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10010007
Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Wang S, Zhang X. Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal Three New Species of Phyllosticta (Botryosphaeriales, Phyllostictaceae) in China. Journal of Fungi. 2024; 10(1):7. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10010007
Chicago/Turabian StyleJiang, Yang, Zhaoxue Zhang, Jie Zhang, Shi Wang, and Xiuguo Zhang. 2024. "Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal Three New Species of Phyllosticta (Botryosphaeriales, Phyllostictaceae) in China" Journal of Fungi 10, no. 1: 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10010007
APA StyleJiang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhang, J., Wang, S., & Zhang, X. (2024). Morphological and Phylogenetic Analyses Reveal Three New Species of Phyllosticta (Botryosphaeriales, Phyllostictaceae) in China. Journal of Fungi, 10(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof10010007