O-Serogroups and Pathovirotypes of Escherichia coli Isolated from Post-Weaning Piglets Showing Diarrhoea and/or Oedema in South Korea
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Bacterial Isolates
2.2. Determination of Virulence Genes
2.3. O-Serogroups
2.4. Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST)
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. The Pathotype and Virotype of E. coli
3.2. O-Serogroup and Virotype
3.3. MLST Genotypes of the F18:STa:STb
3.4. Association between Virotypes (Virulence Gene) and Haemolysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Pathotype | Virotype | O-Serogroup | Total | |||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
O139 | O149 | O141 | O8 | O98 | O9 | O138 | O115 | O121 | O163 | O157 | O45 | O119 | O7 | O186 | O182 | Others * | ONT ** | |||
ETEC:F- | STb:EAST1: AIDA-I | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 5 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 25 | 93 |
STa:STb | 0 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 8 | 19 | 52 | |
EAST1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 26 | 51 | |
STa:STb:Paa | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 14 | |
LT:STb:EAST1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 13 | |
LT:STb:EAST1:AIDA-I | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 13 | |
STb | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 10 | |
Other virotypes | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 19 | 27 | |
Subtotal | 0 | 14 | 2 | 20 | 16 | 12 | 9 | 17 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 2 | 8 | 0 | 7 | 40 | 111 | 273 | |
ETEC:F4 | F4:LT:STb: EAST1 | 0 | 25 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 35 |
F4:STa:STb | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 18 | |
F4:LT:STb: EAST1:Paa | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 16 | |
F4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 7 | |
Other virotypes | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 11 | |
Subtotal | 1 | 43 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 22 | 87 | |
ETEC:F18 | F18:STa:STb | 1 | 0 | 60 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 7 | 80 |
F18:EAST1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 15 | |
F18:LT:STb: EAST1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 12 | |
F18:Sta | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 11 | |
Other virotypes | 5 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 6 | 30 | |
Subtotal | 8 | 2 | 63 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 13 | 28 | 148 | |
STEC:F- | Stx2e | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 30 | 58 |
Stx2e:Paa | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | |
Subtotal | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 31 | 60 | |
STEC:F4 | F4:Stx2e | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 7 |
Subtotal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 7 | |
STEC:F18 | F18:Stx2e:AIDA-I | 61 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 64 |
F18:Stx2e: EAST1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 15 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 21 | |
F18:Stx2e | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 8 | |
F18:Stx2e:AIDA-I:Paa | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 5 | |
F18:Stx2e:eae | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | |
Subtotal | 70 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 16 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 99 | |
ETEC/ STEC:F- | STa:STb:Stx2e | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 8 |
STa:Stx2e | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 4 | |
Other virotypes | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | |
Subtotal | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 16 | |
ETEC/ STEC:F4 | F4:STa:STb:Stx2e | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 7 |
F4:LT:Stx2e | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
F4:STa:Stx2e | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | |
Subtotal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 9 | |
ETEC/ STEC:F18 | F18:STa:STb:Stx2e | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 13 |
F18:LT:Stx2e | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 12 | |
F18:STa:Stx2e | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 10 | |
Other virotypes | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 17 | |
Subtotal | 8 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 34 | 52 | |
EPEC | eae | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 18 | 26 |
eae:Paa | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 12 | 18 | 42 | |
Subtotal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 20 | 36 | 68 | |
No virulence gene | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 60 | 71 | |
Total | 94 | 61 | 68 | 31 | 29 | 23 | 23 | 19 | 19 | 15 | 15 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 95 | 345 | 890 |
Virulence Gene | Virotype | No. of Isolates | Haemolysis * | χ2-Value | p-Value | Log Odds Ratio | Odds Ratio | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
O | X | |||||||
F4:LT:STb:EAST1 | 35 | 31 | 4 | - | <0.001 | 2.15 | 8.57 | |
F18:STa:STb | 80 | 72 | 8 | 58.8 | <0.001 | 2.40 | 11.00 | |
F18:Stx2e:AIDA-I | 64 | 54 | 10 | 34.3 | <0.001 | 1.83 | 6.25 | |
Stx2e | 58 | 40 | 18 | 9.80 | 0.002 | 0.89 | 2.43 | |
STb:EAST1:AIDA-I | 93 | 2 | 91 | - | <0.001 | −4.00 | 0.01 | |
STa:STb | 52 | 5 | 47 | - | <0.001 | −2.30 | 0.10 | |
EAST1 | 51 | 1 | 50 | - | <0.001 | −3.99 | 0.01 | |
eae | 26 | 1 | 25 | - | <0.001 | −3.24 | 0.03 | |
Eae:Paa | 42 | 1 | 41 | - | <0.001 | −3.77 | 0.02 | |
No virulence gene | 71 | 29 | 48 | 2.10 | 0.147 | −0.36 | 0.69 | |
F4 | 103 | 68 | 35 | 13.3 | <0.001 | 0.78 | 2.20 | |
F18 | 303 | 280 | 23 | 345 | <0.001 | 3.51 | 33.3 | |
LT | 142 | 109 | 33 | 51.7 | <0.001 | 1.44 | 4.23 | |
STa | 260 | 153 | 107 | 14.0 | <0.001 | 0.55 | 1.74 | |
STb | 430 | 190 | 240 | 7.66 | 0.005 | −0.38 | 0.68 | |
Stx2e | 241 | 192 | 49 | 124 | <0.001 | 1.87 | 6.46 | |
EAST1 | 297 | 109 | 188 | 27.4 | <0.001 | −0.75 | 0.46 | |
eae | 72 | 4 | 68 | - | <0.001 | −2.95 | 0.05 | |
Paa | 91 | 23 | 68 | 23.0 | <0.001 | −1.16 | 0.31 | |
AIDA-I | 194 | 69 | 125 | 18.2 | <0.001 | −0.70 | 0.49 |
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Byun, J.-W.; Moon, B.-Y.; Do, K.-H.; Lee, K.; Lee, H.-Y.; Kim, W.-I.; So, B.; Lee, W.-K. O-Serogroups and Pathovirotypes of Escherichia coli Isolated from Post-Weaning Piglets Showing Diarrhoea and/or Oedema in South Korea. Vet. Sci. 2022, 9, 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9010001
Byun J-W, Moon B-Y, Do K-H, Lee K, Lee H-Y, Kim W-I, So B, Lee W-K. O-Serogroups and Pathovirotypes of Escherichia coli Isolated from Post-Weaning Piglets Showing Diarrhoea and/or Oedema in South Korea. Veterinary Sciences. 2022; 9(1):1. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9010001
Chicago/Turabian StyleByun, Jae-Won, Bo-Youn Moon, Kyung-Hyo Do, Kichan Lee, Hae-Yeong Lee, Won-Il Kim, ByungJae So, and Wan-Kyu Lee. 2022. "O-Serogroups and Pathovirotypes of Escherichia coli Isolated from Post-Weaning Piglets Showing Diarrhoea and/or Oedema in South Korea" Veterinary Sciences 9, no. 1: 1. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9010001