Relics and Historical Uses of Human Zootherapeutic Products in Contemporary Spanish Ethnoveterinary Medicine
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Collection
2.2. Presentation of the Data
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Documentary Sources
3.2. Quantitative Ethnozoological/Ethnoveterinary Analysis
3.3. Traditional Veterinary Medicinal Practices
3.3.1. Urine
3.3.2. Menstrual Fluid
3.3.3. Saliva
3.3.4. Breast Milk (or Mothers’ Milk)
3.3.5. Excrement (Human Faeces)
4. Potential Veterinary and Pharmacological Uses
4.1. Urine
4.2. Menstrual Fluid
4.3. Saliva
4.4. Breast Milk
4.5. Human Faeces
5. Other Ethnoveterinary Practices (Ritual Healing)
6. Historical Considerations, Ethnomedical and Cross-Cultural Comparison
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Product Used | Diseases or Troubles Treated | Animal (s) Treated | Administration Route 1 | Geographical Location | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Urine | Anthrax | Sheep, goats | IN | Valsequillo (Gran Canary Island) | Siemens Hernández [33] |
Cough | Piglets | IN | Basque Country | Thalamas [34]; Goicoetxea [35] | |
Cows | IN | Galicia | Vázquez Varela [36] | ||
Mastitis | Ewes | EX | San Mateo (Gran Canary Island) and Extremadura | Siemens Hernández [33]; Domínguez Moreno [37] | |
Wounds and cracks in the udders | Ewes | EX | Extremadura | Domínguez Moreno [37,38] | |
Lice | Sheep | EX | Extremadura | Domínguez Moreno [37,38] | |
Cutaneous myiasis | Cows | EX | Valle de Carranza (Vizcaya) | Peña [39] | |
Mange | Sheep, goats | EX | Anguiano (La Rioja) | Elías and Muntión [40] | |
Pinkeye | Cows | EX | Galicia | Vázquez Varela [36]; Lis Quibén [41] | |
Eye injuries | Sheep | EX | Northern part of the province of Cáceres | Domínguez Moreno [37,38] | |
Wounds and chafing | Cattle, equines, sheep | EX | A Pastoriza (Lugo), Bardenas Reales (Navarra), Comarca de La Campiña (Guadalajara), Aldearrubia (Salamanca), and Extremadura | Domínguez Moreno [37,38]; Seoane Veiga [42]; Blanco [43]; Hualde Pascual and Ormazábal Herraiz [44]; Orduna Portús and Mateo Pérez [45] | |
Ulcers | Sheep | EX | Extremadura | Domínguez Moreno [37] | |
Burns | Sheep | EX | Extremadura | Domínguez Moreno [37,38] | |
Poisoning | All livestock | IN | Extremadura | Penco [46] | |
Menstrual fluid | Equine colic | Equines | IN | Comarca de la Sierra de Cádiz (Cádiz), Malpartida de Plasencia (Cáceres), and Asturias and Galicia | Vázquez Varela [36]; Lis Quibén [41]; Álvarez Peña [47]; Mata Moreno et al. [48]; Tejerina Gallardo [49]; Risco [50]; Freire Sánchez [51] |
Wounds and chafing | Equines | EX | Comarca de Monzón (Huesca) | Ferrández and Sanz [52] | |
Lumps on ears | Equines | EX | Comarca de Monzón (Huesca) | Ferrández and Sanz [52] | |
Warts | Cows | EX | Galicia | Vázquez Varela [36] | |
Saliva | Scald, hoof rot | Sheep | EX | Enclave de Treviño (Burgos) | Aguirre Sorondo et al. [53] |
Mange (sheep scab) | Sheep | EX | Zarza de Granadilla (Cáceres) | Domínguez Moreno [37,38] | |
Corneal ulcers | Sheep, goats | EX | Tierra de Cameros (La Rioja), Campo de Montiel (Albacete), and Cueva Corcho (Gran Canary Island) | Siemens Hernández [33]; Elías and Muntión [40]; Morcillo et al. [54] | |
Breast milk | Otalgia | Sheep | EX | Extremadura | Domínguez Moreno [37] |
Excrement | Wounds and chafing | Equines | EX | Serradilla (Cáceres) | Tejerina Gallardo [49] |
Meteorism | Cows | IN | Cantabria | García-Lomas [55] |
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González, J.A.; Vallejo, J.R. Relics and Historical Uses of Human Zootherapeutic Products in Contemporary Spanish Ethnoveterinary Medicine. Vet. Sci. 2021, 8, 323. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8120323
González JA, Vallejo JR. Relics and Historical Uses of Human Zootherapeutic Products in Contemporary Spanish Ethnoveterinary Medicine. Veterinary Sciences. 2021; 8(12):323. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8120323
Chicago/Turabian StyleGonzález, José A., and José Ramón Vallejo. 2021. "Relics and Historical Uses of Human Zootherapeutic Products in Contemporary Spanish Ethnoveterinary Medicine" Veterinary Sciences 8, no. 12: 323. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8120323