Flow Cytometry-Detected Immunological Markers and on Farm Recorded Parameters in Composite Cow Milk as Related to Udder Health Status
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals and Milk Samples Collection
2.2. Purification of Milk Somatic Cells
2.3. Flow Cytometric Analysis
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Flow Cytometry-Detected Immunological Markers and on Farm Recorded Parameters in Different Bacteriological Conditions
3.2. Linear and Canonical Discriminant Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Item | n | Mean | St. Dev | Minimum | Maximum |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cell viability (%) | 40 | 54.70 | 17.76 | 15.50 | 91.50 |
Lymphocytes (%) | 38 | 42.18 | 26.04 | 3.15 | 88.06 |
PMN (%) | 38 | 43.20 | 24.26 | 6.20 | 90.32 |
Macrophages (%) | 38 | 14.32 | 9.11 | 2.31 | 35.66 |
Leucocytes CD11b+ (%) | 40 | 61.80 | 23.99 | 16.00 | 97.00 |
CD11b PMN (MFI) | 38 | 64.45 | 11.16 | 40.92 | 87.62 |
CD11b macrophages (MFI) | 38 | 107.53 | 23.91 | 75.09 | 177.47 |
CD11b leucocytes (MFI) | 40 | 58.99 | 14.89 | 27.36 | 88.47 |
SCC × 1000 cells/mL | 42 | 501.10 | 952.70 | 10.00 | 5771.00 |
Milk electrical conductivity (mS/cm) | 42 | 6.11 | 0.41 | 5.15 | 7.15 |
Milk flow rate (L/min) | 42 | 2.36 | 0.61 | 0.91 | 3.92 |
Item | Group 1 | LS Mean | SE | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cell viability (%) | POS | 56.31 | 6.25 | 0.81 |
NEG | 54.64 | 3.37 | ||
Lymphocytes (%) | POS | 26.26 | 8.38 | 0.04 |
NEG | 45.90 | 4.59 | ||
PMN (%) | POS | 55.22 | 8.1 | 0.13 |
NEG | 40.91 | 4.44 | ||
Macrophages (%) | POS | 18.26 | 2.96 | 0.12 |
NEG | 12.89 | 1.52 | ||
Leucocytes CD11b+ (%) | POS | 77.56 | 7.69 | 0.03 |
NEG | 58.31 | 4.08 | ||
CD11b PMN (MFI 2) | POS | 67.70 | 4.08 | 0.50 |
NEG | 64.54 | 2.23 | ||
CD11b macrophages (MFI 2) | POS | 102.97 | 7.93 | 0.52 |
NEG | 108.80 | 4.34 | ||
CD11b leucocytes (MFI 2) | POS | 62.98 | 5.21 | 0.11 |
NEG | 58.87 | 2.76 | ||
SCC × 1000 cells/mL | POS | 1428.14 | 419.26 | 0.04 |
NEG | 448.20 | 203.42 | ||
Milk electrical conductivity (mS/cm) | POS | 6.45 | 0.14 | 0.01 |
NEG | 6.03 | 0.07 | ||
Milk flow rate (L/min) | POS | 1.98 | 0.19 | 0.03 |
NEG | 2.46 | 0.09 |
Class | A-NEG | B-NEG | B-POS | C-NEG | C-POS | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A-NEG | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 |
100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | |
B-NEG | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 6 |
16.67 | 33.33 | 0 | 33.33 | 16.67 | 100 | |
B-POS | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
25 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 25 | 100 | |
C-NEG | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 11 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 100 | |
C-POS | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 5 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 100 | |
Total | 15 | 2 | 2 | 13 | 7 | 39 |
38.46 | 5.13 | 5.13 | 33.33 | 17.95 | 100 | |
Error (%) | 0 | 0.67 | 0.50 | 0 | 0 | 0.15 |
Prior probability | 0.33 | 0.15 | 0.10 | 0.28 | 0.13 |
Item | Can1 | Can2 | Can3 | Can4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cell viability | −0.05 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.00 |
Lymphocytes (%) | −1.29 | −0.70 | −0.86 | −0.24 |
PMN (%) | −1.54 | −0.76 | −0.38 | −0.44 |
Macrophages (%) | −1.67 | −0.75 | −0.44 | −0.51 |
Leukocytes CD11b+ (%) | 0.22 | 0.03 | −0.49 | 0.24 |
CD11b PMN (MFI) | −0.12 | 0.03 | 0.03 | −0.02 |
CD11b macrophages (MFI) | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.03 |
CD11b leukocytes (MFI) | 0.12 | 0.02 | −0.06 | 0.00 |
Milk electrical conductivity (mS/cm) | −0.72 | −0.06 | 0.18 | 1.28 |
Milk flow rate (L/min) | 0.29 | 2.21 | −0.71 | 0.42 |
Variance | 0.62 | 0.26 | 0.09 | 0.03 |
Wilks’ Lambda | 0.11 | 0.36 | 0.69 | 0.91 |
p-Value | 0.007 | 0.272 | 0.796 | 0.897 |
Class | A-NEG | B-NEG | B-POS | C-NEG | C-POS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A-NEG | 1 | 0.1741 | 0.1657 | 0.0017 | 0.0012 |
B-NEG | 0.1741 | 1 | 0.9438 | 0.542 | 0.2541 |
B-POS | 0.1657 | 0.9438 | 1 | 0.3011 | 0.2834 |
C-NEG | 0.0017 | 0.542 | 0.3011 | 1 | 0.038 |
C-POS | 0.0012 | 0.2541 | 0.2834 | 0.038 | 1 |
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De Matteis, G.; Grandoni, F.; Scatà, M.C.; Catillo, G.; Moioli, B.; Buttazzoni, L. Flow Cytometry-Detected Immunological Markers and on Farm Recorded Parameters in Composite Cow Milk as Related to Udder Health Status. Vet. Sci. 2020, 7, 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci7030114
De Matteis G, Grandoni F, Scatà MC, Catillo G, Moioli B, Buttazzoni L. Flow Cytometry-Detected Immunological Markers and on Farm Recorded Parameters in Composite Cow Milk as Related to Udder Health Status. Veterinary Sciences. 2020; 7(3):114. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci7030114
Chicago/Turabian StyleDe Matteis, Giovanna, Francesco Grandoni, Maria Carmela Scatà, Gennaro Catillo, Bianca Moioli, and Luca Buttazzoni. 2020. "Flow Cytometry-Detected Immunological Markers and on Farm Recorded Parameters in Composite Cow Milk as Related to Udder Health Status" Veterinary Sciences 7, no. 3: 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci7030114