Bromatological Composition and In Vitro Ruminal Digestibility of Vaines of Neltuma spp. in Three Regions of the State of Zacatecas, México
Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Site
2.2. Bromatological Composition Analysis
2.3. In Vitro Ruminal Fermentation
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
- For lactation (NEL) (p = 0.022).
- For maintenance (NEM) (p = 0.019).
- For gain (NEG) (p = 0.017).
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Northern ± DE | Central ± DE | South ± DE |
---|---|---|---|
Moisture, (%) | 5.50 ± 0.36 | 5.87 ± 0.22 | 5.74 ± 0.25 |
Dry matter, (%) | 94.50 ± 0.36 | 94.16 ± 0.25 | 94.27 ± 0.24 |
Crude protein, (%) | 18.30 ± 1.72 a | 20.86 ± 1.37 b | 18.18 ± 1.35 a |
Available protein, (%) | 17.60 ± 1.80 | 20.31 ± 1.33 | 17.48 ± 1.40 |
Insoluble acid detergent protein (% ADICP) | 0.70 ± 0.12 | 0.54 ± 0.07 | 0.67 ± 0.10 |
Adjusted crude protein, (%) | 18.30 ± 1.72 | 20.86 ± 1.37 | 18.18 ± 1.35 |
Soluble protein (% CP) | 65.33 ± 5.00 | 68.15 ± 2.66 | 63.22 ± 4.71 |
Insoluble neutral detergent protein (% NDICP) | 1.49 ± 0.40 | 1.28 ± 0.21 | 1.47 ± 0.10 |
Acid detergent fiber (% ADF) | 34.71 ± 2.52 a | 33.22 ± 1.34 b | 32.98 ± 1.73 b |
Neutral detergent fiber (%NDF) | 43.53 ± 2.81 a | 41.77 ± 1.47 b | 42.47 ± 1.26 c |
Lignin, (%) | 7.68 ± 0.62 | 6.60 ± 0.22 | 7.27 ± 0.75 |
Non-fibrous carbohydrates (% NFC) | 26.01 ± 3.37 a | 24.94 ± 2.40 a | 26.78 ± 1.32 a |
Starch, (%) | 1.64 ± 1.00 | 1.76 ± 0.37 | 1.73 ± 0.70 |
Simple sugars (% ESC) | 2.81 ± 0.68 | 3.71 ± 1.30 | 3.62 ± 0.39 |
Ash, (%) | 4.78 ± 0.32 | 4.27 ± 0.28 | 4.66 ± 0.35 |
Calcium, (%) | 0.50 ± 0.09 | 0.50 ± 0.06 | 0.46 ± 0.07 |
Phosphorus, (%) | 0.23 ± 0.04 | 0.25 ± 0.02 | 0.23 ± 0.02 |
Magnesium, (%) | 0.15 ± 0.02 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.14 ± 0.02 |
Potassium, (%) | 1.72 ± 0.19 | 1.75 ± 0.13 | 1.72 ± 0.12 |
Sodium, (%) | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.03 ± 0.01 |
Digestible energy, DE (Mcal/Kg) | 2.84 ± 0.06 | 3.00 ± 0.03 | 2.90 ± 0.07 |
Metabolizable energy, ME (Mcal/Kg) | 2.41 ± 0.06 | 2.58 ± 0.03 | 2.47 ± 0.07 |
Net energy lost, NEL (Mcal/Kg) | 1.38 ± 0.04 | 1.49 ± 0.02 | 1.42 ± 0.04 |
Net maintenance energy, NEM (Mcal/Kg) | 1.45 ± 0.05 | 1.58 ± 0.02 | 1.49 ± 0.05 |
Net energy gain, NEG (Mcal/Kg) | 0.87 ± 0.04 | 0.98 ± 0.02 | 0.90 ± 0.04 |
Total digestible nutrients, TDN (%) | 61.33 ± 1.00 a | 64.14 ± 1.21 c | 62.78 ± 1.39 b |
Variables with Significant Differences | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Region | TDN (As Fed) | TDN (DM) | NEL (As Fed) | NEL (DM) | NEM (As Fed) | NEM (DM) | NEG (As Fed) | NEG (DM) | Zinc (DM) |
North | 58.0 b | 61.1 b | 1.32 b | 1.39 b | 1.21 c | 1.28 c | 0.67 b | 0.71 c | 43.0 b |
Center | 60.8 a | 61.7 a | 1.39 a | 1.48 a | 1.31 a | 1.39 a | 0.77 a | 0.82 a | 57.6 a |
South | 59.2 b | 62.7 b | 1.35 b | 1.43 b | 1.26 b | 1.34 b | 0.72 b | 0.76 b | 47.3 b |
Gas Production Times | Central Region n = 9 | Northern Region n = 9 | Southern Region n = 9 | Control n = 9 | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time 3 h, average ± standard deviation | 14.9 ± 4.8 | 11.1 ± 3.6 | 20.8 ± 6.8 | 8.6 ± 0.2 | <0.001 |
Time 24 h, average ± standard deviation | 53.1 ± 17.8 | 43.7 ± 11.5 | 79.0 ± 17.5 | 85.7 ± 0.1 | <0.001 |
Time 84 h, average ± standard deviation | 100.0 ± 26.9 | 75.2 ± 14.6 | 134.8 ± 31.0 | 172.7 ± 9.5 | <0.001 |
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Valdez-Romero, E.; Delgadillo-Ruiz, L.; Bañuelos-Valenzuela, R.; Delgadillo-Ruiz, E.; Meza-López, C.; Mercado-Reyes, M.; Ramírez-Hernández, L.A.; Echavarría-Chairez, F.G.; Arias-Hernández, L.A.; Valladares-Carranza, B.; et al. Bromatological Composition and In Vitro Ruminal Digestibility of Vaines of Neltuma spp. in Three Regions of the State of Zacatecas, México. Vet. Sci. 2025, 12, 142. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12020142
Valdez-Romero E, Delgadillo-Ruiz L, Bañuelos-Valenzuela R, Delgadillo-Ruiz E, Meza-López C, Mercado-Reyes M, Ramírez-Hernández LA, Echavarría-Chairez FG, Arias-Hernández LA, Valladares-Carranza B, et al. Bromatological Composition and In Vitro Ruminal Digestibility of Vaines of Neltuma spp. in Three Regions of the State of Zacatecas, México. Veterinary Sciences. 2025; 12(2):142. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12020142
Chicago/Turabian StyleValdez-Romero, Eduardo, Lucía Delgadillo-Ruiz, Rómulo Bañuelos-Valenzuela, Eladio Delgadillo-Ruiz, Carlos Meza-López, Marisa Mercado-Reyes, Leticia Adriana Ramírez-Hernández, Francisco G. Echavarría-Chairez, Luz Adriana Arias-Hernández, Benjamín Valladares-Carranza, and et al. 2025. "Bromatological Composition and In Vitro Ruminal Digestibility of Vaines of Neltuma spp. in Three Regions of the State of Zacatecas, México" Veterinary Sciences 12, no. 2: 142. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12020142
APA StyleValdez-Romero, E., Delgadillo-Ruiz, L., Bañuelos-Valenzuela, R., Delgadillo-Ruiz, E., Meza-López, C., Mercado-Reyes, M., Ramírez-Hernández, L. A., Echavarría-Chairez, F. G., Arias-Hernández, L. A., Valladares-Carranza, B., Flores-Garivay, R., & Valtierra-Marín, H. E. (2025). Bromatological Composition and In Vitro Ruminal Digestibility of Vaines of Neltuma spp. in Three Regions of the State of Zacatecas, México. Veterinary Sciences, 12(2), 142. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12020142