Evaluating the Histologic Grade of Digital Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Dogs and Copy Number Variation of KIT Ligand—A Correlation Study
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Histological Examination
2.1.1. Invasive Front Grading System (IFGS)
2.1.2. Tumor Cell Budding Grading System (TCBGS)
2.2. Genetic Analysis
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Histological Assessment
Histological Grades according to Groups
3.2. Copy Number Variation on KITLG
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Further Studies
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Morphological Feature | Score Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
Degree of keratinization | >50% cells keratinized | 20–50% cells keratinized | 5–20% cells keratinized | 0–5% cells keratinized |
Pattern of invasion | Pushing, well-differentiated borders | Infiltrating, Solid cords, bands and/or strands | Small groups of cells (n > 15) | Small groups and/or single cells (n < 15) |
Host response | Marked | Moderate | Slight | None |
Nuclear pleomorphism | <25% anaplasia | 25–50% anaplasia | 50–75% anaplasia | 75–100% anaplasia |
Mitosis HPF * (40×) | 0–1 | 2–3 | 4–5 | >5 |
Tumor Budding Activity/10HPF | Score Value |
---|---|
No budding | 1 |
<15 budding foci | 2 |
≥15 budding foci | 3 |
Smallest cell nest size | |
>15 cells | 1 |
5–15 cells | 2 |
2–4 cells | 3 |
Single cell invasion | 4 |
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Cerezo-Echevarria, A.; Kehl, A.; Beitzinger, C.; Müller, T.; Klopfleisch, R.; Aupperle-Lellbach, H. Evaluating the Histologic Grade of Digital Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Dogs and Copy Number Variation of KIT Ligand—A Correlation Study. Vet. Sci. 2023, 10, 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10020088
Cerezo-Echevarria A, Kehl A, Beitzinger C, Müller T, Klopfleisch R, Aupperle-Lellbach H. Evaluating the Histologic Grade of Digital Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Dogs and Copy Number Variation of KIT Ligand—A Correlation Study. Veterinary Sciences. 2023; 10(2):88. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10020088
Chicago/Turabian StyleCerezo-Echevarria, Argiñe, Alexandra Kehl, Christoph Beitzinger, Tobias Müller, Robert Klopfleisch, and Heike Aupperle-Lellbach. 2023. "Evaluating the Histologic Grade of Digital Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Dogs and Copy Number Variation of KIT Ligand—A Correlation Study" Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 2: 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10020088