An Evaluation of Temporal Distributions of High, Low, and Zero Cohort Morbidity of Cumulative First Treatment Bovine Respiratory Disease and Their Associations with Demographic, Health, and Performance Outcomes in US Feedlot Cattle
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Data Management: Variable Creation
2.2. Cluster Analysis
2.3. Descriptive Statistics and Association Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Cluster Analysis
3.2. Risk Association Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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HIGH | LOW | ZERO | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cluster Class | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | H5 | H6 | L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | L5 | L6 | L7 | 0 |
Lots (n) | 352 | 437 | 246 | 225 | 267 | 70 | 1163 | 1428 | 734 | 1392 | 385 | 717 | 84 | 235 |
heifers | 201 | 278 | 160 | 155 | 164 | 42 | 696 | 897 | 471 | 857 | 232 | 503 | 58 | 120 |
steers | 151 | 159 | 86 | 70 | 103 | 28 | 467 | 531 | 263 | 535 | 153 | 214 | 26 | 115 |
Average Arrival Wt, kg | 318 | 316 | 312 | 303 | 322 | 305 | 347 | 341 | 351 | 349 | 337 | 345 | 364 | 387 |
SD | 49 | 47 | 42 | 45 | 41 | 48 | 51 | 44 | 43 | 44 | 45 | 47 | 38 | 42 |
Average Shrink, % | 3.49 | 3.16 | 3.21 | 3 | 2.86 | 1.76 | 2.05 | 2 | 2 | 1.92 | 1.32 | 1.54 | 1.39 | 1.04 |
SD | 2.72 | 2.33 | 2.32 | 2.57 | 2.18 | 2.21 | 2.46 | 2.43 | 2.48 | 3.64 | 2.81 | 2.47 | 2.38 | 2.28 |
Average number Cattle received | 111 | 116 | 119 | 120 | 117 | 105 | 130 | 145 | 133 | 139 | 138 | 139 | 117 | 84 |
SD | 49 | 54 | 48 | 47 | 52 | 46 | 77 | 65 | 63 | 72 | 59 | 64 | 56 | 34 |
Received Cattle | ||||||||||||||
<75 cattle | 109 | 129 | 56 | 50 | 80 | 19 | 342 | 273 | 187 | 296 | 65 | 147 | 29 | 135 |
76 to 129 | 122 | 136 | 90 | 76 | 72 | 31 | 317 | 339 | 187 | 371 | 115 | 204 | 28 | 70 |
130 to 167 | 76 | 97 | 63 | 57 | 66 | 13 | 213 | 304 | 144 | 285 | 82 | 142 | 11 | 20 |
>167 | 45 | 75 | 37 | 42 | 49 | 7 | 291 | 512 | 216 | 440 | 123 | 224 | 16 | 10 |
Arrival Quarter | ||||||||||||||
Quarter 1 | 71 | 99 | 61 | 63 | 87 | 17 | 331 | 351 | 193 | 326 | 118 | 175 | 30 | 54 |
Quarter 2 | 37 | 90 | 54 | 60 | 78 | 24 | 228 | 433 | 244 | 394 | 123 | 238 | 24 | 60 |
Quarter 3 | 88 | 92 | 64 | 62 | 60 | 19 | 329 | 385 | 215 | 456 | 68 | 200 | 18 | 73 |
Quarter 4 | 156 | 156 | 67 | 40 | 42 | 10 | 275 | 259 | 82 | 216 | 76 | 104 | 12 | 48 |
Average Death Loss, % | 4.17 | 4.21 | 2.93 | 2.84 | 3.06 | 2.09 | 1.24 | 1.44 | 1.28 | 1.3 | 1.38 | 1.26 | 1.23 | 0.51 |
SD | 4.86 | 4.45 | 2.28 | 2.29 | 2.56 | 1.57 | 1.37 | 1.3 | 1.34 | 1.32 | 1.26 | 1.21 | 1.48 | 0.83 |
Average Morbidity | 31.03 | 27.86 | 24.15 | 22.05 | 25.3 | 20.25 | 6.08 | 6.83 | 5.69 | 6.56 | 5.08 | 4.89 | 2.33 | 0 |
SD | 13.25 | 11.79 | 8.39 | 6.76 | 9.97 | 4.79 | 4.18 | 3.49 | 3.76 | 3.95 | 2.98 | 3.3 | 1.75 | 0 |
Average BRD to 50% | 9.76 | 21.57 | 21.25 | 40.8 | 34.38 | 61.33 | 13.22 | 31.22 | 44.37 | 27.65 | 64.55 | 61.79 | 110.76 | 0 |
Median BRD to 50% | 10 | 21 | 22 | 41 | 34 | 57 | 13 | 31 | 44 | 28 | 61 | 61 | 109 | 0 |
SD | 3.52 | 4.96 | 7.24 | 7.91 | 4.74 | 19.09 | 5.92 | 13.31 | 7.45 | 7.65 | 27.63 | 14.9 | 19 | 0 |
Mean Railers per cohort | 1.78 | 2.42 | 1.62 | 1.56 | 1.68 | 0.77 | 0.64 | 0.82 | 0.66 | 0.78 | 0.57 | 0.48 | 0.25 | 0.18 |
Median Railers per cohort | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
SD | 2.34 | 7.33 | 2.15 | 1.75 | 1.94 | 1.14 | 1.18 | 1.96 | 1.24 | 1.39 | 1.15 | 0.88 | 0.56 | 0.44 |
Mean days on feed, DOF | 169 | 157 | 176 | 183 | 171 | 181 | 145 | 162 | 153 | 152 | 168 | 156 | 148 | 137 |
Median DOF | 168 | 161 | 173 | 179 | 168 | 178 | 146 | 158 | 151 | 151 | 160 | 151 | 145 | 137 |
SD | 37 | 38 | 31 | 33 | 31 | 29 | 32 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 31 | 28 | 25 | 18 |
Mean ADG | 1.55 | 1.63 | 1.69 | 1.54 | 1.64 | 1.44 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 1.58 | 1.56 | 1.61 | 1.62 | 1.61 | 1.58 |
SD | 0.84 | 1.50 | 1.66 | 0.65 | 1.52 | 0.26 | 1.85 | 1.06 | 0.67 | 0.50 | 1.10 | 0.86 | 0.49 | 0.20 |
BRD Status | HIGH | LOW | ZERO | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cluster | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | H5 | H6 | L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | L5 | L6 | L7 | 0 |
Cattle received 1 | 114 b | 119 b | 121 bcd | 123 bcde | 120 bc | 103 ab | 134 cde | 145 g | 135 defg | 143 fg | 137 cdefg | 137 efg | 117 abcde | 93 a |
SE | 7.86 | 7.71 | 8.16 | 8.25 | 8.07 | 10.30 | 7.34 | 7.31 | 7.48 | 7.31 | 7.81 | 7.50 | 9.85 | 8.22 |
Shrink, % 2 | 3.65 f | 3.26 ef | 3.47 f | 3.08 ef | 2.96 ef | 2.13 abcde | 2.27 cd | 2.30 d | 2.24 bcd | 2.19 bcd | 1.68 ab | 1.90 abc | 1.74 abcd | 1.24 a |
SE | 0.32 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.31 | 0.41 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.39 |
Arrival weight, kg | 309 bc | 315 c | 302 ab | 295 a | 312 bc | 295 ab | 340 ef | 333 d | 341 fg | 341 f | 332 de | 338 def | 358 gh | 376 h |
SE | 8.3 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.2 | 9.4 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 7.9 | 9.1 |
Prob of being Steer 3 | 0.40 b | 0.35 b | 0.31 ab | 0.28 ab | 0.35 ab | 0.36 ab | 0.35 b | 0.33 ab | 0.32 ab | 0.35 ab | 0.35 ab | 0.27 a | 0.27 ab | 0.41 b |
SE | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.04 |
BRD Status | High | Low | Zeros | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cluster | H1 | H2 | H3 | H4 | H5 | H6 | L1 | L2 | L3 | L4 | L5 | L6 | L7 | 0 |
ADG, kg 1 | 1.41 ab | 1.46 abc | 1.46 abcd | 1.42 ab | 1.45 abc | 1.33 a | 1.51 bc | 1.57 de | 1.58 e | 1.57 de | 1.55 cde | 1.59 e | 1.63 cde | 1.66 e |
SE | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
BRD Morb, % 2 | 27.25 j | 25.37 i | 21.07 gh | 19.43 fg | 22.53 h | 17.69 f | 5.73 d | 6.47 e | 5.42 d | 6.29 e | 4.68 c | 4.73 c | 2.33 b | 0.01 a |
SE | 0.82 | 0.77 | 0.76 | 0.74 | 0.77 | 0.93 | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.02 |
Death loss, % 3 | 4.19 e | 4.15 e | 2.94 cd | 2.76 cd | 3.06 d | 2.08 bc | 1.53 b | 1.65 b | 1.52 b | 1.54 b | 1.56 b | 1.54 b | 1.64 ab | 0.93 a |
SE | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.33 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.32 | 0.27 |
Rails/Culls 4 | 11.9 gh | 13.6 h | 11.2 fhg | 9.9 fg | 6.6 f | 7.6 efg | 4.0 b | 5.1de | 4.2 bc | 4.4 bc | 5.3 cde | 3.6 b | 2.8 abcd | 1.8 a |
SE | 3.3 | 3.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.5 |
Days to 50% BRD 5 | 9.4 b | 21.3 d | 20.5 d | 40.3 h | 34.2 g | 59.8 j | 12.5 c | 29.5 f | 44.0i | 27.0 e | 61.2 j | 60.6 j | 109.8 k | 0.0 a |
SE | 0.33 | 0.45 | 0.57 | 0.84 | 0.71 | 1.77 | 0.24 | 0.34 | 0.53 | 0.33 | 0.82 | 0.63 | 2.19 | 0 |
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Johnson, B.; White, B.; Lancaster, P.; Larson, R. An Evaluation of Temporal Distributions of High, Low, and Zero Cohort Morbidity of Cumulative First Treatment Bovine Respiratory Disease and Their Associations with Demographic, Health, and Performance Outcomes in US Feedlot Cattle. Vet. Sci. 2023, 10, 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10020089
Johnson B, White B, Lancaster P, Larson R. An Evaluation of Temporal Distributions of High, Low, and Zero Cohort Morbidity of Cumulative First Treatment Bovine Respiratory Disease and Their Associations with Demographic, Health, and Performance Outcomes in US Feedlot Cattle. Veterinary Sciences. 2023; 10(2):89. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10020089
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohnson, Blaine, Brad White, Phillip Lancaster, and Robert Larson. 2023. "An Evaluation of Temporal Distributions of High, Low, and Zero Cohort Morbidity of Cumulative First Treatment Bovine Respiratory Disease and Their Associations with Demographic, Health, and Performance Outcomes in US Feedlot Cattle" Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 2: 89. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10020089