Determination of Non-Digestible Parts in Dairy Cattle Feces Using U-NET and F-CRN Architectures
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Material
2.2. Method
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Model Summary for FCRN
Layer (Type) | Output Shape | Param # |
Conv2d-1 | [−1, 32, 256, 256] | 864 |
BatchNorm2d-2 | [−1, 32, 256, 256] | 64 |
ReLU-3 | [−1, 32, 256, 256] | 0 |
MaxPool2d-4 | [−1, 32, 128, 128] | 0 |
Conv2d-5 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 18,432 |
BatchNorm2d-6 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 128 |
ReLU-7 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 0 |
MaxPool2d-8 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 0 |
Conv2d-9 | [−1, 128, 64, 64] | 73,728 |
BatchNorm2d-10 | [−1, 128, 64, 64] | 256 |
ReLU-11 | [−1, 128, 64, 64] | 0 |
MaxPool2d-12 | [−1, 128, 32, 32] | 0 |
Conv2d-13 | [−1, 512, 32, 32] | 589,824 |
BatchNorm2d-14 | [−1, 512, 32, 32] | 1024 |
ReLU-15 | [−1, 512, 32, 32] | 0 |
Upsample-16 | [−1, 512, 64, 64] | 0 |
Conv2d-17 | [−1, 128, 64, 64] | 589,824 |
BatchNorm2d-18 | [−1, 128, 64, 64] | 256 |
ReLU-19 | [−1, 128, 64, 64] | 0 |
Upsample-20 | [−1, 128, 128, 128] | 0 |
Conv2d-21 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 73,728 |
BatchNorm2d-22 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 128 |
ReLU-23 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 0 |
Upsample-24 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 0 |
Conv2d-25 | [−1, 1, 256, 256] | 576 |
BatchNorm2d-26 | [−1, 1, 256, 256] | 2 |
ReLU-27 | [−1, 1, 256, 256] | 0 |
Total params: 1,348,834 Trainable params: 134,883 |
Appendix B. Model Summary for U-Net
Layer (Type) | Output Shape | Param # |
Conv2d-1 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 1728 |
BatchNorm2d-2 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 128 |
ReLU-3 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 0 |
Conv2d-4 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 36,864 |
BatchNorm2d-5 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 128 |
ReLU-6 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 0 |
Conv2d-7 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 36,864 |
BatchNorm2d-8 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 128 |
ReLU-9 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 0 |
Conv2d-10 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 36,864 |
BatchNorm2d-11 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 128 |
ReLU-12 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 0 |
Conv2d-13 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 36,864 |
BatchNorm2d-14 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 128 |
ReLU-15 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 0 |
Conv2d-16 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 36,864 |
BatchNorm2d-17 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 128 |
ReLU-18 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 0 |
Conv2d-19 | [−1, 64, 32, 32] | 36,864 |
BatchNorm2d-20 | [−1, 64, 32, 32] | 128 |
ReLU-21 | [−1, 64, 32, 32] | 0 |
Conv2d-22 | [−1, 64, 32, 32] | 36,864 |
BatchNorm2d-23 | [−1, 64, 32, 32] | 128 |
ReLU-24 | [−1, 64, 32, 32] | 0 |
Upsample-25 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 0 |
ConvCat-26 | [−1, 128, 64, 64] | 0 |
Conv2d-27 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 73,728 |
BatchNorm2d-28 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 128 |
ReLU-29 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 0 |
Conv2d-30 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 36,864 |
BatchNorm2d-31 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 128 |
ReLU-32 | [−1, 64, 64, 64] | 0 |
Upsample-33 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 0 |
ConvCat-34 | [−1, 128, 128, 128] | 0 |
Conv2d-35 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 73,728 |
BatchNorm2d-36 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 128 |
ReLU-37 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 0 |
Conv2d-38 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 36,864 |
BatchNorm2d-39 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 128 |
ReLU-40 | [−1, 64, 128, 128] | 0 |
Upsample-41 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 0 |
ConvCat-42 | [−1, 128, 256, 256] | 0 |
Conv2d-43 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 73,728 |
BatchNorm2d-44 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 128 |
ReLU-45 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 0 |
Conv2d-46 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 36,864 |
BatchNorm2d-47 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 128 |
ReLU-48 | [−1, 64, 256, 256] | 0 |
Conv2d-49 | [−1, 1, 256, 256] | 64 |
Total params: 593,408 Trainable params: 593,408 |
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Network | Batch Size | MAE | RMSE |
---|---|---|---|
FCRN | 1 | 23.65 | 36.69 |
8 | 37.78 | 45.76 | |
16 | 158.71 | 201.46 | |
U-Net | 1 | 16.69 | 22.48 |
8 | 24.42 | 34.64 | |
16 | 144.28 | 198.34 |
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Share and Cite
Özden, C.; Bulut, M.; Çanga Boğa, D.; Boğa, M. Determination of Non-Digestible Parts in Dairy Cattle Feces Using U-NET and F-CRN Architectures. Vet. Sci. 2023, 10, 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10010032
Özden C, Bulut M, Çanga Boğa D, Boğa M. Determination of Non-Digestible Parts in Dairy Cattle Feces Using U-NET and F-CRN Architectures. Veterinary Sciences. 2023; 10(1):32. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10010032
Chicago/Turabian StyleÖzden, Cevher, Mutlu Bulut, Demet Çanga Boğa, and Mustafa Boğa. 2023. "Determination of Non-Digestible Parts in Dairy Cattle Feces Using U-NET and F-CRN Architectures" Veterinary Sciences 10, no. 1: 32. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10010032