Real-World Data and Real-World Evidence in Healthcare in the United States and Europe Union
Abstract
:1. Introduction
“Real-world data [FDA] are data relating to patient health status and/or the delivery of health care routinely collected from a variety of sources. Examples of RWD include data derived from electronic health records, medical claims data, data from product or disease registries, and data gathered from other sources (such as digital health technologies) that can provide information regarding patient health status.”United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [5]
2. RWD Types and Use
3. Acceptability of RWD for Regulatory Decision-Making
Dimensions | Concepts |
---|---|
Authenticity |
|
Transparency |
|
Relevancy |
|
Accuracy |
|
Track Record |
|
FDA | EMA | ATRAcTR | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Data Reliability | Accuracy Completeness Provenance Traceability | Data Reliability | Precision Accuracy Plausibility | Data Authenticity Data Transparency Data Accuracy |
Data Extensiveness | Completeness Coverage | |||
Data Coherence | Format Structural Semantic Uniqueness Conformance Validity | |||
Data Timeliness | ||||
Data Relevance | Exposure Outcomes Adequate Sample size | Data Relevance | Data Relevance | |
Study Design | Employ Causal Inference Framework | |||
Data Track Record |
4. System Interoperability and Data Privacy
5. Discussion
6. Conclusions and Future Direction
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Zou, K.H.; Berger, M.L. Real-World Data and Real-World Evidence in Healthcare in the United States and Europe Union. Bioengineering 2024, 11, 784. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11080784
Zou KH, Berger ML. Real-World Data and Real-World Evidence in Healthcare in the United States and Europe Union. Bioengineering. 2024; 11(8):784. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11080784
Chicago/Turabian StyleZou, Kelly H., and Marc L. Berger. 2024. "Real-World Data and Real-World Evidence in Healthcare in the United States and Europe Union" Bioengineering 11, no. 8: 784. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11080784
APA StyleZou, K. H., & Berger, M. L. (2024). Real-World Data and Real-World Evidence in Healthcare in the United States and Europe Union. Bioengineering, 11(8), 784. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11080784