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Article

Simultaneous Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Antigen and Host Antibody Detection and Pre-Screening Strategy at the Point of Care

by
Kritika Srinivasan Rajsri
1,2,†,
Michael P. McRae
1,†,
Nicolaos J. Christodoulides
1,
Isaac Dapkins
3,
Glennon W. Simmons
1,
Hanover Matz
4,
Helen Dooley
4,
David Fenyö
5 and
John T. McDevitt
1,*
1
Division of Biomaterials, Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University School of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA
2
Department of Pathology, Vilcek Institute of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA
3
Departments of Population Health and Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA
4
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
5
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10010, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Bioengineering 2023, 10(6), 670; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10060670
Submission received: 26 April 2023 / Revised: 16 May 2023 / Accepted: 25 May 2023 / Published: 1 June 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering)
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Abstract

As COVID-19 pandemic public health measures are easing globally, the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 strains continue to present high risk for vulnerable populations. The antibody-mediated protection acquired from vaccination and/or infection is seen to wane over time and the immunocompromised populations can no longer expect benefit from monoclonal antibody prophylaxis. Hence, there is a need to monitor new variants and its effect on vaccine performance. In this context, surveillance of new SARS-CoV-2 infections and serology testing are gaining consensus for use as screening methods, especially for at-risk groups. Here, we described an improved COVID-19 screening strategy, comprising predictive algorithms and concurrent, rapid, accurate, and quantitative SARS-CoV-2 antigen and host antibody testing strategy, at point of care (POC). We conducted a retrospective analysis of 2553 pre- and asymptomatic patients who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR. The pre-screening model had an AUC (CI) of 0.76 (0.73–0.78). Despite being the default method for screening, body temperature had lower AUC (0.52 [0.49–0.55]) compared to case incidence rate (0.65 [0.62–0.68]). POC assays for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (NP) and spike (S) receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG antibody showed promising preliminary results, demonstrating a convenient, rapid (<20 min), quantitative, and sensitive (ng/mL) antigen/antibody assay. This integrated pre-screening model and simultaneous antigen/antibody approach may significantly improve accuracy of COVID-19 infection and host immunity screening, helping address unmet needs for monitoring vaccine effectiveness and severe disease surveillance.
Keywords: artificial intelligence; COVID-19; clinical decision making; lab-on-a-chip; nucleocapsid antigen; spike RBD IgG; SARS-CoV-2 immunity artificial intelligence; COVID-19; clinical decision making; lab-on-a-chip; nucleocapsid antigen; spike RBD IgG; SARS-CoV-2 immunity
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MDPI and ACS Style

Srinivasan Rajsri, K.; McRae, M.P.; Christodoulides, N.J.; Dapkins, I.; Simmons, G.W.; Matz, H.; Dooley, H.; Fenyö, D.; McDevitt, J.T. Simultaneous Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Antigen and Host Antibody Detection and Pre-Screening Strategy at the Point of Care. Bioengineering 2023, 10, 670. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10060670

AMA Style

Srinivasan Rajsri K, McRae MP, Christodoulides NJ, Dapkins I, Simmons GW, Matz H, Dooley H, Fenyö D, McDevitt JT. Simultaneous Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Antigen and Host Antibody Detection and Pre-Screening Strategy at the Point of Care. Bioengineering. 2023; 10(6):670. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10060670

Chicago/Turabian Style

Srinivasan Rajsri, Kritika, Michael P. McRae, Nicolaos J. Christodoulides, Isaac Dapkins, Glennon W. Simmons, Hanover Matz, Helen Dooley, David Fenyö, and John T. McDevitt. 2023. "Simultaneous Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Antigen and Host Antibody Detection and Pre-Screening Strategy at the Point of Care" Bioengineering 10, no. 6: 670. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10060670

APA Style

Srinivasan Rajsri, K., McRae, M. P., Christodoulides, N. J., Dapkins, I., Simmons, G. W., Matz, H., Dooley, H., Fenyö, D., & McDevitt, J. T. (2023). Simultaneous Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Antigen and Host Antibody Detection and Pre-Screening Strategy at the Point of Care. Bioengineering, 10(6), 670. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10060670

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