Uptake of Breathable Nano- and Micro-Sized Polystyrene Particles: Comparison of Virgin and Oxidised nPS/mPS in Human Alveolar Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Exposure Conditions and Cell Models
2.2. Cellular Uptake of nPS/mPS
2.3. Viability Assays
2.4. Assessment of the Cellular Acidic Compartment
2.5. Evaluation of ROS Production
2.6. Mitochondrial Transmebrane Potential
2.7. Assessment of DNA Damage by the Comet Assay
2.8. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Cellular Uptakes of nPS/mPS
3.2. nPS/mPS-Induced Changes of the Acidic Compartment
3.3. Cytotoxicity nPS/mPS-Induced
3.4. nPS/mPS Increased ROS Production
3.5. nPS/mPS Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction
3.6. nPS/mPS-Induced DNA Damage
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Laganà, A.; Visalli, G.; Facciolà, A.; Celesti, C.; Iannazzo, D.; Di Pietro, A. Uptake of Breathable Nano- and Micro-Sized Polystyrene Particles: Comparison of Virgin and Oxidised nPS/mPS in Human Alveolar Cells. Toxics 2023, 11, 686. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11080686
Laganà A, Visalli G, Facciolà A, Celesti C, Iannazzo D, Di Pietro A. Uptake of Breathable Nano- and Micro-Sized Polystyrene Particles: Comparison of Virgin and Oxidised nPS/mPS in Human Alveolar Cells. Toxics. 2023; 11(8):686. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11080686
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaganà, Antonio, Giuseppa Visalli, Alessio Facciolà, Consuelo Celesti, Daniela Iannazzo, and Angela Di Pietro. 2023. "Uptake of Breathable Nano- and Micro-Sized Polystyrene Particles: Comparison of Virgin and Oxidised nPS/mPS in Human Alveolar Cells" Toxics 11, no. 8: 686. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11080686
APA StyleLaganà, A., Visalli, G., Facciolà, A., Celesti, C., Iannazzo, D., & Di Pietro, A. (2023). Uptake of Breathable Nano- and Micro-Sized Polystyrene Particles: Comparison of Virgin and Oxidised nPS/mPS in Human Alveolar Cells. Toxics, 11(8), 686. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11080686