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Volume 13
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10.3390/foods13020212
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Article

Predicting Egg Storage Time with a Portable Near-Infrared Instrument: Effects of Temperature and Production System

by
Daniel Cozzolino
1,*,
Pooja Sanal
2,
Jana Schreuder
3,
Paul James Williams
3,
Elham Assadi Soumeh
2,
Milou Helene Dekkers
4,
Molly Anderson
4,
Sheree Boisen
4 and
Louwrens Christiaan Hoffman
1,3
1
Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
2
School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
3
Food Science Department, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
4
Queensland Animal Science Precinct (QASP), The University of Queensland, Gatton Campus, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Foods 2024, 13(2), 212; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13020212
Submission received: 1 December 2023 / Revised: 21 December 2023 / Accepted: 4 January 2024 / Published: 9 January 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances of Spectrometric Techniques in Food Analysis and Authentication Series II)
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Abstract

Determining egg freshness is critical for ensuring food safety and security and as such, different methods have been evaluated and implemented to accurately measure and predict it. In this study, a portable near-infrared (NIR) instrument combined with chemometrics was used to monitor and predict the storage time of eggs under two storage conditions—room temperature (RT) and cold (CT) storage—from two production systems: cage and free-range. A total of 700 egg samples were analyzed, using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) regression to analyze the NIR spectra. The PCA score plot did not show any clear separation between egg samples from the two production systems; however, some egg samples were grouped according to storage conditions. The cross-validation statistics for predicting storage time were as follows: for cage and RT eggs, the coefficient of determination in cross validation (R2CV) was 0.67, with a standard error in cross-validation (SECV) of 7.64 days and residual predictive deviation (RPD) of 1.8; for CT cage eggs, R2CV of 0.84, SECV of 5.38 days and RPD of 3.2; for CT free-range eggs, R2CV of 0.83, SECV of 5.52 days and RPD of 3.2; and for RT free-range eggs, R2CV of 0.82, SECV of 5.61 days, and RPD of 3.0. This study demonstrated that NIR spectroscopy can predict storage time non-destructively in intact egg samples. Even though the results of the present study are promising, further research is still needed to further extend these results to other production systems, as well as to explore the potential of this technique to predict other egg quality parameters associated with freshness.
Keywords: egg freshness; near-infrared spectroscopy; chemometrics; storage time; cage; free range egg freshness; near-infrared spectroscopy; chemometrics; storage time; cage; free range

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cozzolino, D.; Sanal, P.; Schreuder, J.; Williams, P.J.; Assadi Soumeh, E.; Dekkers, M.H.; Anderson, M.; Boisen, S.; Hoffman, L.C. Predicting Egg Storage Time with a Portable Near-Infrared Instrument: Effects of Temperature and Production System. Foods 2024, 13, 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13020212

AMA Style

Cozzolino D, Sanal P, Schreuder J, Williams PJ, Assadi Soumeh E, Dekkers MH, Anderson M, Boisen S, Hoffman LC. Predicting Egg Storage Time with a Portable Near-Infrared Instrument: Effects of Temperature and Production System. Foods. 2024; 13(2):212. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13020212

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cozzolino, Daniel, Pooja Sanal, Jana Schreuder, Paul James Williams, Elham Assadi Soumeh, Milou Helene Dekkers, Molly Anderson, Sheree Boisen, and Louwrens Christiaan Hoffman. 2024. "Predicting Egg Storage Time with a Portable Near-Infrared Instrument: Effects of Temperature and Production System" Foods 13, no. 2: 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13020212

APA Style

Cozzolino, D., Sanal, P., Schreuder, J., Williams, P. J., Assadi Soumeh, E., Dekkers, M. H., Anderson, M., Boisen, S., & Hoffman, L. C. (2024). Predicting Egg Storage Time with a Portable Near-Infrared Instrument: Effects of Temperature and Production System. Foods, 13(2), 212. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods13020212

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