New Insights on the Effects of Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Impaired Skin Healing in Diabetes and Chronic Venous Leg Ulcers
Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, School of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS—Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito, 1-00168 Roma, Italy
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Academic Editor: Paula C. Castilho
Foods 2021, 10(10), 2306; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10102306
Received: 29 July 2021
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Revised: 23 September 2021
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Accepted: 26 September 2021
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Published: 28 September 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diet and Human Nutrition)
Long-chain Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Omega-3 PUFAs) are widely recognized as powerful negative regulators of acute inflammation. However, the precise role exerted by these dietary compounds during the healing process is still largely unknown, and there is increasing interest in understanding their specific effects on the implicated cells/molecular factors. Particular attention is being focused also on their potential clinical application in chronic pathologies characterized by delayed and impaired healing, such as diabetes and vascular diseases in lower limbs. On these bases, we firstly summarized the current knowledge on wound healing (WH) in skin, both in normal conditions and in the setting of these two pathologies, with particular attention to the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved. Then, we critically reviewed the outcomes of recent research papers investigating the activity exerted by Omega-3 PUFAs and their bioactive metabolites in the regulation of WH in patients with diabetes or venous insufficiency and showing chronic recalcitrant ulcers. We especially focused on recent studies investigating the mechanisms through which these compounds may act. Considerations on the optimal dietary doses are also reported, and, finally, possible future perspectives in this area are suggested.
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Keywords:
diabetes; epigenetics; innate immune cells; microbiota; Omega-3 PUFA; venous leg ulcers; wound healing
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MDPI and ACS Style
Serini, S.; Calviello, G. New Insights on the Effects of Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Impaired Skin Healing in Diabetes and Chronic Venous Leg Ulcers. Foods 2021, 10, 2306. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10102306
AMA Style
Serini S, Calviello G. New Insights on the Effects of Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Impaired Skin Healing in Diabetes and Chronic Venous Leg Ulcers. Foods. 2021; 10(10):2306. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10102306
Chicago/Turabian StyleSerini, Simona, and Gabriella Calviello. 2021. "New Insights on the Effects of Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Impaired Skin Healing in Diabetes and Chronic Venous Leg Ulcers" Foods 10, no. 10: 2306. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10102306
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