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Photonics
Volume 13
Issue 2
10.3390/photonics13020127
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Quasi-BIC Terahertz Metasurface-Microfluidic Sensor for Organic Compound Detection

by
Liang Wang
,
Kang Chen
,
Jiahao Niu
,
Bo Zhang
*,
Qi Lu
,
Wei Yu
,
Yanan Xiao
,
Yi Ni
and
Chengkun Dong
*
Engineering Research Center of IoT Technology Applications (Ministry of Education), School of Integrated Circuits, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Photonics 2026, 13(2), 127; https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13020127
Submission received: 26 December 2025 / Revised: 19 January 2026 / Accepted: 28 January 2026 / Published: 29 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Optical Sensors and Applications)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) can be transformed into quasi-bound states (quasi-BICs) via intentional symmetry breaking, thereby enabling ultrahigh-Q resonances critical for refractometric sensing applications. To advance detection capabilities for organic analytes, we proposed an all-dielectric metasurface monolithically integrated within a microfluidic channel. Mirror symmetry was intentionally disrupted through a cylindrical perturbation applied to one of two identical elliptical resonators, which excited a quasi-BIC mode at 1.9591 THz with a numerically validated Q-factor of 1959. This resonance manifested an absorption peak approaching unity, featuring a full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of merely 1 GHz. Multipolar decomposition revealed that the mode originated from a synergistic electric-quadrupole (EQ)–magnetic-dipole (MD) pair, wherein the EQ contribution exceeded the MD counterpart by 20%. Capitalizing on this high-Q resonance, the sensor attained a sensitivity of 240 GHz per refractive-index unit (GHz RIU−1) and a figure of merit (FOM = S/FWHM) of 240, while demonstrating robust performance against fabrication tolerances spanning −4% to +4%. Additionally, we verified that oblique-incidence illumination could activate a quasi-BIC within the identical spectral band, circumventing the need for structural asymmetry and thus expanding operational versatility. Benefiting from its geometric simplicity and competitive performance, this architecture exhibited substantial potential for on-chip sensing of organic compounds.
Keywords: terahertz sensor; metasurface; BICs; quasi-BICs; Q-factor; microfluidic terahertz sensor; metasurface; BICs; quasi-BICs; Q-factor; microfluidic

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, L.; Chen, K.; Niu, J.; Zhang, B.; Lu, Q.; Yu, W.; Xiao, Y.; Ni, Y.; Dong, C. Quasi-BIC Terahertz Metasurface-Microfluidic Sensor for Organic Compound Detection. Photonics 2026, 13, 127. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13020127

AMA Style

Wang L, Chen K, Niu J, Zhang B, Lu Q, Yu W, Xiao Y, Ni Y, Dong C. Quasi-BIC Terahertz Metasurface-Microfluidic Sensor for Organic Compound Detection. Photonics. 2026; 13(2):127. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13020127

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Liang, Kang Chen, Jiahao Niu, Bo Zhang, Qi Lu, Wei Yu, Yanan Xiao, Yi Ni, and Chengkun Dong. 2026. "Quasi-BIC Terahertz Metasurface-Microfluidic Sensor for Organic Compound Detection" Photonics 13, no. 2: 127. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13020127

APA Style

Wang, L., Chen, K., Niu, J., Zhang, B., Lu, Q., Yu, W., Xiao, Y., Ni, Y., & Dong, C. (2026). Quasi-BIC Terahertz Metasurface-Microfluidic Sensor for Organic Compound Detection. Photonics, 13(2), 127. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics13020127

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