Wound Healing Potential of Commiphora gileadensis Stems Essential Oil and Chloroform Extract
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Material
2.2. Chemicals
2.3. Preparation of the Oils
2.4. GC/MS Analysis
2.5. GC Analysis
2.6. Extraction
2.7. Antimicrobial Activity
2.7.1. Bacterial Strains
2.7.2. Antimicrobial Assay
2.8. Evaluation of Wound Healing Activity
2.8.1. Experimental Animals
2.8.2. Preparation of Creams
2.8.3. Experimental Design
- Group 1: Negative control group (NC); treated with the plain cream base topically.
- Group 2: Reference group (REF); topically with 2% Fucidin cream.
- Group 3 and 4 were treated with either 1% EO or with 3% CE creams, respectively.
2.9. Histopathological Examination
2.10. Data Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Preparation of the Oil and GC-MS Study
3.2. Antimicrobial Activity
3.3. Wound Healing Activity
3.4. Histopathological Study
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
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Condition | Weight (g) | Weight of Oil (g) | % w/w |
---|---|---|---|
Fresh | 300.00 | 6.69 | 2.23 |
Dried | 200.00 | 3.55 | 1.77 |
Components | RT | RRI | Area % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Fresh | Dry | |||
β-Pinene (1) | 9.7833 | 978 | 62.974 | 4.462 |
Eugenol | 26.7184 | 1365 | 5.834 | 35.366 |
Caryophyllene | 28.7625 | 1444 | 4.543 | 34.469 |
Humulene (2) | 29.8557 | 1460 | - | 1.718 |
cis-Calamenene | 32.0615 | 1533 | 12.29 | 0.687 |
Isoeugenol acetate | 32.2167 | 1618 | 1.926 | 0.483 |
1S,3E,7E,11R)-(+)-verticilla-3,7,12(18)-triene (3) | 63.1821 | 2040 | 11.374 | 20.638 |
Total | 98.941 | 97.823 |
Staph. aureus | B. subtilis | E. coli | k. pneumonia | C. albicans | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fresh Stem Oil | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.25 |
Dried stem Oil | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.25 |
Fresh stem CHCl3 Ext. | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.125 |
Fresh stem MeOH Ext. | 75 | 25 | 75 | 50 | 25 |
Fresh Leaves CHCl3 Ext. | 0.75 | 0.5 | 0.75 | 0.25 | 0.125 |
Fresh Leaves MeOH Ext. | 75 | 25 | 75 | 25 | 75 |
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Althurwi, H.N.; Salkini, M.A.A.; Soliman, G.A.; Ansari, M.N.; Ibnouf, E.O.; Abdel-Kader, M.S. Wound Healing Potential of Commiphora gileadensis Stems Essential Oil and Chloroform Extract. Separations 2022, 9, 254. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations9090254
Althurwi HN, Salkini MAA, Soliman GA, Ansari MN, Ibnouf EO, Abdel-Kader MS. Wound Healing Potential of Commiphora gileadensis Stems Essential Oil and Chloroform Extract. Separations. 2022; 9(9):254. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations9090254
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlthurwi, Hassan N., Mohammad Ayman A. Salkini, Gamal A. Soliman, Mohd Nazam Ansari, Elmutasim O. Ibnouf, and Maged S. Abdel-Kader. 2022. "Wound Healing Potential of Commiphora gileadensis Stems Essential Oil and Chloroform Extract" Separations 9, no. 9: 254. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations9090254