Development of a High Pressure Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection Method for the Determination of Four Tetracycline Residues in Milk by Using QuEChERS Dispersive Extraction

Marinou, Eirini; Samanidou, Victoria F.; Papadoyannis, Ioannis N.

doi:10.3390/separations6020021

Open AccessArticle

Development of a High Pressure Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection Method for the Determination of Four Tetracycline Residues in Milk by Using QuEChERS Dispersive Extraction

by

Eirini Marinou

,

Victoria F. Samanidou

and

Ioannis N. Papadoyannis

^*

Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124 GR, Greece

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Separations 2019, 6(2), 21; https://doi.org/10.3390/separations6020021

Submission received: 12 February 2019 / Revised: 22 February 2019 / Accepted: 20 March 2019 / Published: 9 April 2019

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research as Development Perspective 2019)

Download

Browse Figures

Versions Notes

Abstract

QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) dispersive extraction was applied for the extraction of tetracyclines (oxytetracycline, tetracycline, chlorotetracycline and doxycycline) from milk. Target analytes were determined by an accurate and sensitive chromatographic analytical method, which was validated in terms of 2002/6572/EC decision. The analytes were separated on an Orbit 100C₄ (5 μm, 250 × 4.0 mm) analytical column under a gradient mobile phase composed of a mixture of 0.01 M oxalic acid, 10⁻⁴ M Na₂EDTA and acetonitrile. For the extraction of isolated compounds from sorbent, a methanol and 0.01 M oxalic acid mixture (1:1 v/v) was used, leading to relative recovery rates from 83.07% to 106.3% at concentration levels in the range 100–200 μg/kg. The within-laboratory reproducibility, expressed as a relative standard deviation, was <15.5%. Decision limits ranged between 100.3 μg/kg and 105.6 μg/kg and the detection capability varied between 100.6 μg/kg and 109.7 μg/kg. Ruggedness was evaluated by following the Youden approach, in terms of milk mass, sorbent mass, centrifugation time, vortex time, type and volume of organic solvents and evaporation temperature.

Keywords: HPLC; milk; QuEChERS; tetracyclines

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Marinou, E.; Samanidou, V.F.; Papadoyannis, I.N. Development of a High Pressure Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection Method for the Determination of Four Tetracycline Residues in Milk by Using QuEChERS Dispersive Extraction. Separations 2019, 6, 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations6020021

AMA Style

Marinou E, Samanidou VF, Papadoyannis IN. Development of a High Pressure Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection Method for the Determination of Four Tetracycline Residues in Milk by Using QuEChERS Dispersive Extraction. Separations. 2019; 6(2):21. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations6020021

Chicago/Turabian Style

Marinou, Eirini, Victoria F. Samanidou, and Ioannis N. Papadoyannis. 2019. "Development of a High Pressure Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection Method for the Determination of Four Tetracycline Residues in Milk by Using QuEChERS Dispersive Extraction" Separations 6, no. 2: 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations6020021

APA Style

Marinou, E., Samanidou, V. F., & Papadoyannis, I. N. (2019). Development of a High Pressure Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection Method for the Determination of Four Tetracycline Residues in Milk by Using QuEChERS Dispersive Extraction. Separations, 6(2), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations6020021

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Menu

Development of a High Pressure Liquid Chromatography with Diode Array Detection Method for the Determination of Four Tetracycline Residues in Milk by Using QuEChERS Dispersive Extraction

Abstract

Share and Cite

Article Metrics

Article Access Statistics

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI