Swiss Archives of Neurology, Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

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Open AccessBook Review

Konrad Peter, Hrsg.: Fortschritte in Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie. Interdisziplinäre und integrative Aspekte

by Ch. Scharfetter

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2003, 154(5), 254; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2003.01392 - 1 Jan 2003

Abstract

Es handelt sich hier um eine heterogene Sammlung von Fortbildungsvorträgen, die zu Aufsätzen umgearbeitet wurden [...] Full article

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Open AccessBook Review

Reinhart Lempp: Das Kind im Menschen. Nebenrealitäten und Regression - oder: Warum wir nie erwachsen werden

by A. R. Bodenheimer

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2003, 154(5), 254; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2003.01391 - 1 Jan 2003

Abstract

Wer tiefsinnige Auseinandersetzungen mit der Frage sucht, was das sei: Realität, was nicht und wie man von Realität reden könne, ohne sie genau zu definieren, legt das Buch mit Vorzug ungelesen weg [...] Full article

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Open AccessBook Review

Volker Faust: Psychische Störungen heute. Erkennen - Verstehen - Behandeln

by Ch. Scharfetter

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2003, 154(5), 253; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2003.01390 - 1 Jan 2003

Abstract

Der psychiatrische Polyskriptor Volker Faust manifestiert sich auch nach seiner Pensionierung als innovativer Produzent von gut gemachten Lehrtexten [...] Full article

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Open AccessBook Review

Nancy C. Andreasen: Brave New Brain. Geist - Gehirn - Genom

by E. Seifritz

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2003, 154(5), 253; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2003.01389 - 1 Jan 2003

Abstract

Die deutsche Übersetzung von Brave New Brain [...] Full article

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Open AccessBook Review

Wilhelm Felder, Heinz Stefan Herzka: Kinderpsychopathologie. Ein Lehrgang

by W. Bettschart

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2003, 154(5), 253-254; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2003.01388 - 1 Jan 2003

Abstract

1981 legte Professor Heinz Stefan Herzka die 1.Auflage des «Lehrganges» der Kinderpsychopathologie vor [...] Full article

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Open AccessCommunication

News

by Karl Studer

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2003, 154(5), 252-253; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2003.01387 (registering DOI) - 1 Jan 2003

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Abstract

Wurden bisher bei M. Parkinson, extrapyramidalen Bewegungsstörungen und Schmerzzuständen Hirnschrittmacher eingesetzt, so werden nun auch bei Patienten mit schweren Angst- und Zwangsstörungen Elektroden in die Capsula interna implantiert [...] Full article

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Open AccessStudy Protocol

Literatur und Psychotherapie Gedanken zum Leben und Schreiben Wahre und falsche Prämissen

by Ruth Schweikert

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2003, 154(5), 247-251; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2003.01385 - 1 Jan 2003

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Abstract

1. Das Leben ist keine Kunst [...]
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Vom literarischen Umgang mit dem Leiden

by Urs Widmer

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2003, 154(5), 242-246; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2003.01386 - 1 Jan 2003

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Abstract

Meine Damen und Herren. Sie kennen den alten Scherz [...] Full article

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Open AccessArticle

Douleur, deuil, mémoire

by John E. Jackson

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2003, 154(5), 235-241; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2003.01384 - 1 Jan 2003

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Abstract

This paper is concerned with a paradox which runs as following: in order to forget the loss of a person, the survivor has first to remember her or him. Literature is deeply concerned by this paradox inasmuch as the mourning of a lost [...] Read more.

This paper is concerned with a paradox which runs as following: in order to forget the loss of a person, the survivor has first to remember her or him. Literature is deeply concerned by this paradox inasmuch as the mourning of a lost one is a genre to itself. Grief expressed at a beloved’s death has various aims as the different examples show. Starting with Ronsard’s sonnet on the loss of Marie, we first meet the metamorphosis of the young woman into a flower whose short life seems redeemed by the very fact of the poet offering her, as a pagan tribute, the milk and the flowers of his own verse. Shakespeare’s Sonnet 71 moves in an altogether very different direction: anticipating his own death, the poet admonishes his friend WH to forget him as soon as he will cease to hear the toll bell so as to avoid the grief of remembrance. Paradoxically, this admonestation acts as a gesture of immortalization of his love for WH: although he wishes to be forgotten by his beloved, Shakespeare will be remembered for the poem in which he expresses that very wish. Baudelaire’s “La servante au grand coeur” recalls a long-forgotten maid who took care of his first years. The feeling of guilt helps thus to give a second life to the poor Mariette whom the poem imagines longing beyond the grave for the affection of her former employers. On the ground of Baudelaire’s example, the paper seeks to explore the double relation of writing to guilt: first as an act of reparation (in the sense of Melanie Klein) by which the poet expiates his fault through writing but also as a cause of guilt in the sense that writing of someone tends to instrumentalize her or him for mere poetic means. On the other hand, guilt often possesses not only the poet but also the survivor. Mallarmé’s beautiful sonnet “Sur les bois oubliés …” epitomizes the care a poet can take of a mourning friend by imagination of the latter’s deceased wife’s response to his anxious craving to see her again. Not the flowers strewn over a tomb, but the wife’s quietly muttered name will bring back her “visit” to the faithful husband. Paul Celan’s poetry brings to this rapid sketch of a very old tradition a more historical dimension. The beloved lost by this great poet do not only belong to his personal life, but symbolize the fate of all the Jews murdered by the national-socialist regime. At the same time, the paper tries to argue that the survivor-poet’s guilt concerns the very (German) language in which he recalls his mother and relatives. A short poem, starting with the words “Ich kann dich noch sehn” (“I may still behold you”) illustrates at what price such a remembrance can be gained. Full article

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Open AccessReview

Psychiatrie – Eugenik – Geschlecht

by Regina Wecker

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2003, 154(5), 224-234; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2003.01383 - 1 Jan 2003

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Abstract

The research results now available clearly show that the connection between psychiatry, racial hygiene, and eugenics is much more complex than a discussion focussing on the Third Reich and the holocaust led us to suspect. After 1933, eugenic efforts in Germany merged with [...] Read more.

The research results now available clearly show that the connection between psychiatry, racial hygiene, and eugenics is much more complex than a discussion focussing on the Third Reich and the holocaust led us to suspect. After 1933, eugenic efforts in Germany merged with National Socialist dictatorship, were made to serve anti-Semitism and the racial politics of the government, and opened up new areas of political activity. As a social movement, eugenics was at the same time an expression of a belief in progress, which found a great echo in the workers’ movement, as well as a reaction to the fear of degeneration and decadence which became gradually more intensive at that time. Democratic countries, too, such as the Scandinavian Countries, Switzerland, and the United States, showed how a definition of democracy aiming for a healthy populace and theories of inheritance worked together and caused the race-based exclusion of cultural minorities. The author holds that the development of Eugenics in democratic countries is more important for the understanding of Eugenics as a science, for the close connection between psychiatry and Eugenics and for the present development of biological thinking. Beyond all social and political differences though, ideas of social “normality” and strategies of scientific legitimation are discernible that show that the eugenic measures implemented by the Nazi regime found a positive echo until the 1930s in most countries. As a matter of fact eugenic ideas garnered extensive support and Switzerland by no means was just a “Mitläufer” (a collaborator). The Swiss Civil Code of 1912 (Zivilgesetzbuch ZGB) already contained an article forbidding marriages of the so-called “feeble-minded”, at the famous Hygiene Exhibition at Dresden in 1911 Switzerland presented the section on sterilisation. Auguste Forel was one of the supporters if not inventors of the technique. However, the country did not implement policies based on Eugenics on a federal level or as part of a political programme: when the Federal Penal Law was introduced in 1942, any regulation of sterilisation was deliberately avoided for fear that this might lead to the downfall of the law. Even on the cantonal level, eugenic legislation was scarce: the 1928 Law on Sterilisation of the Canton of Vaud remained the only one and eugenic provisions in the Naturalisation Law as they existed in the Canton of Basel-Stadt were an exception. Nevertheless, the ideology of eugenics, based on the most varied objectives and motives, pervaded the concepts and imagination of federal and local authorities, political decision-makers and the medical profession. The article sets out to show how – despite the lack of a deliberate and national policies – eugenic measures were implemented in Switzerland. Its focus is on sterilisation and naturalisation procedures. The author’s thesis is that eugenic measures were able to gain such a wide and general acceptance in a democratic system like Switzerland and could even be forced on individuals because of three main reasons: – as a natural science Eugenics became widely accepted and could claim objective authority over politics; – it added to the authority of psychiatry as a science able to prevent mental disease and moral disorder; – eugenic measures showed a specific gender bias: because they not only applied to the minority groups of the “feeble-minded”, “morally deviant”, or “unfit” but also to the traditional “others”– women,that is – “othering-practices” thus becoming part of the process of setting up a national moral and gender order. These implications make eugenics not only an important field for historical research but as well in respect to present and future scientific and social development. Full article

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Open AccessReview

Kritik des anthropologischen Naturalismus in einer sich naturwissenschaftlich verstehenden Psychiatrie

by Helmut Holzhey

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2003, 154(5), 216-223; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2003.01382 - 1 Jan 2003

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 30

Abstract

This article notes two presuppositions which are made when today’s neuroscience conceives its research programs and when it evaluates their results: first,that explanations of human experience and behaviour are to be expected primarily from neuroscience and not from psychology or phenomenology; second, that [...] Read more.

This article notes two presuppositions which are made when today’s neuroscience conceives its research programs and when it evaluates their results: first,that explanations of human experience and behaviour are to be expected primarily from neuroscience and not from psychology or phenomenology; second, that the “mind” is characterised by scientifically describable states and is, therefore, (explicitly or implicitly) identical with the “brain”. In his criticism of these presuppositions, the author argues that with the first presupposition the insight gained with the “linguistic turn” that all our knowledge is determined by language is abandoned and tribute is paid to the kind of materialistic metaphysics that was widespread at the end of the 19th century. Against the second presupposition, the author objects that, for instance, perceptions can phenomenologically never be grasped as mere neuroscientifically describable states because to the acts of perception, which are states only in special cases, there also belong objects of perception that cannot be reduced to subjective acts or “states”. For a more thorough foundation of this critique of neuroscientific reductionism the author refers to Popper’s “Three World Theory”. As parts of the (second) world of the states of consciousness, thinking and knowing are subject to psychological and to a certain extent also to neurophysiological research; that, however, does not apply to their objective contents as ‘inhabitants’ of the third world. What belongs to the third world, e.g., the series of natural numbers or a science, has its own properties and problems that cannot be understood by a reduction to psychological states. This may be expressed in the vocabulary of the theory of culture.What we call culture is nature which has been worked on. The cultural labour processes of individuals have their correlative physiological basis in neuronal processes which today can be described in ever greater detail. The processes of cultural labour are, however, (1) never restricted to individuals but are inter-subjectively linked; (2) never mere acts or states but elements of the cultural world to which they belong and which they at the same time ‘produce’. The phenomenon of human culture is, therefore, not subject to research into individual mental states; the latter in their totality do not built the reality, as, e.g., Gerhard Roth has claimed. Finally, the article points to the disastrous consequences of neuroscientific naturalism for psychiatry and demands that for the sake of the suffering human being psychiatry continue to orient itself in theory and in practice by the insights of a philosophically phenomenological anthropology, for instance, of a Helmuth Plessner. Full article

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Open AccessEditorial

Psychiatrie und Geisteswissenschaften

by Bernhard Küchenhoff

Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother. 2003, 154(5), 215; https://doi.org/10.4414/sanp.2003.01381 - 1 Jan 2003

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Abstract

«Ein Grunddogma der heutigen Wissenschaft ist, dass Wahrheit über jedes beliebig eingeschränkte Gebiet zu ermitteln sei (Spezialistentum) [...] Full article

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Swiss Arch. Neurol. Psychiatry Psychother., Volume 154, Issue 5 (01 2003) – 12 articles

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