Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Ferrofluids Film Boiling
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Mathematical Modeling
3. Numerical Modeling
4. Results
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- By the increase of magnitude magnetic flux, the heat transfer increased.
- (2)
- By the increase of angle of application of magnetic flux, the heat transfer increased. The increase is a function of the magnet angle.
- (3)
- A correlation to obtain the Nusselt number was presented.
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
Nomenclature
specific heat capacity (J/kg K) | |
g | acceleration due to gravity (m/s) |
h | heat transfer coefficient (W/(m K)) |
latent heat (J/kg) | |
k | thermal conductivity (W/m K) |
L | characteristic length (m) |
Nu | local Nusselt number |
mean Nusselt number for whole heater surface | |
P | Pressure (N/m) |
Pr | Prandtl number |
Heat flux (W/m) | |
Ra | Rayleigh number |
t | Time (s) |
T | temperature (K) |
u | vapour velocity in x-direction (m/s) |
v | velocity normal to the direction of flow (m/s) |
x | horizontal coordinate (m) |
y | coordinate measured distance normal to heater surface (m) |
Greek symbols | |
Void fraction | |
vapour film thickness (m) | |
absolute viscosity (kg/ms) | |
kinematic viscosity (m/s) | |
density (kg/m) | |
angle measured from horizontal of heater; Azimuthal angle (rad or degrees) angle of inclination with respect to the horizontal plane | |
Subscripts | |
eq | Equilibrium |
f | Saturated liquid |
FB | Film boiling |
l | liquid |
m | Mixture, mixture average |
NB | Nucleate boiling |
ref | Reference |
s | vapour at saturation temperature |
sat | Saturation |
v | vapour |
w | heater wall |
∞ | Ambient associated with a large surface |
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Unit | Liquid | Vapour | Magnetic Nanoparticle | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Density | kg/m | 200 | 5 | 5600 |
Thermal conductivity | 40 | 1 | 6 | |
Heat capacity | 400 | 200 | 670 | |
Dynamic viscosity | Pa s | 0.1 | 0.005 | – |
Surface tension | N/m | 0.1 | – | – |
Magnetic susceptibility | 1 | 0.2 | 0 | – |
Latent heat | J/kg | 10,000 | – | – |
Volume concentration | 1 | 0.004 | – | – |
Grid Number | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Nu | 2.113 | 2.0511 | 2.032 | 2.01 |
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Abdollahzadeh Jamalabadi, M.Y. Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Ferrofluids Film Boiling. Processes 2020, 8, 881. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8080881
Abdollahzadeh Jamalabadi MY. Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Ferrofluids Film Boiling. Processes. 2020; 8(8):881. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8080881
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdollahzadeh Jamalabadi, Mohammad Yaghoub. 2020. "Lattice Boltzmann Simulation of Ferrofluids Film Boiling" Processes 8, no. 8: 881. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr8080881