Gastroprotective, Biochemical and Acute Toxicity Effects of Papaver decaisnei against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Plant Collection
2.2. Plant Extraction
2.3. Chemicals and Reagents
2.4. Moral Declaration and the Animal Study
2.5. Acute Toxicity and Rat Trials
2.6. Gastric Ulcer Experiment
- (1)
- Group 1 and 2 received carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, 0.5%), orally (normal and negative control).
- (2)
- Group 3 was orally administered 20 mg/kg of omeprazole (reference).
- (3)
- Groups 4 and 5 were administered 200 mg and 400 mg/kg of the PDE, respectively.
2.7. Gastric Gross Study
2.8. Measurement of the Stomach Mucus Content
2.9. Formulating the Stomach Tissue Homogenate
2.10. Evaluation of the Antioxidants
2.11. Lipid Peroxidation (MDA) Status of the Tissue Homogenates
2.12. Histological Analysis
2.13. Hematoxylin and Eosin Stains
2.14. Immunohistochemical Staining
2.15. Evaluation of the Cytokines
2.16. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Acute Toxicity
3.2. The Stomach Gross Analysis
3.3. Gastric Mucus Level
3.4. P. decaisnei Effects on the Stomach pH
3.5. H & E Stain
3.6. PAS Stain
3.7. Immunohistochemical Staining
3.8. P. decaisnei Effects on the Gastric Antioxidants
3.9. P. decaisnei Effects on Malondialdehyde (MDA) in Gastric Homogenates
3.10. Effects of P. decaisnei extracts on the Serum Cytokine Enzymes
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Animal Groups | Pre-Feeding (5 mL/kg) | Mucus Weight (g) | pH | Ulcer Area (mm2) | Inhibition (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1 | 0.5% CMC | 1.75 ± 0.65 a | 6.10 ± 0.55 a | - | - |
G2 | 0.5% CMC | 0.67 ± 0.32 b | 2.9 ± 0.8 d | 655.78 ± 8.55 d | - |
G3 | 20 mg/kg omeprazole | 1.77 ± 0.48 a | 6.2 ± 0.60 a | 98.33 ± 5.43 a | 85.0% a |
G4 | 200 mg/kg PDE | 1.52 ± 0.33 c | 5.22 ± 0.5 c | 152.66 ± 7.30 c | 76.72% b |
G5 | 400 mg/kg PDE | 1.76 ± 0.58 a | 5.8 ± 0.6 b | 108.16 ± 4.89 b | 83.5% a |
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Jabbar, A.A.; Abdullah, F.O.; Abdoulrahman, K.; Galali, Y.; Ibrahim, I.A.A.; Alzahrani, A.R.; Hassan, R.R. Gastroprotective, Biochemical and Acute Toxicity Effects of Papaver decaisnei against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats. Processes 2022, 10, 1985. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10101985
Jabbar AA, Abdullah FO, Abdoulrahman K, Galali Y, Ibrahim IAA, Alzahrani AR, Hassan RR. Gastroprotective, Biochemical and Acute Toxicity Effects of Papaver decaisnei against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats. Processes. 2022; 10(10):1985. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10101985
Chicago/Turabian StyleJabbar, Ahmed Aj., Fuad O. Abdullah, Kamaran Abdoulrahman, Yaseen Galali, Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim, Abdullah R. Alzahrani, and Rawaz Rizgar Hassan. 2022. "Gastroprotective, Biochemical and Acute Toxicity Effects of Papaver decaisnei against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats" Processes 10, no. 10: 1985. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10101985
APA StyleJabbar, A. A., Abdullah, F. O., Abdoulrahman, K., Galali, Y., Ibrahim, I. A. A., Alzahrani, A. R., & Hassan, R. R. (2022). Gastroprotective, Biochemical and Acute Toxicity Effects of Papaver decaisnei against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats. Processes, 10(10), 1985. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10101985