Herbal Approaches to Pediatric Functional Abdominal Pain
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Peppermint Oil
4. Fennel
5. Licorice
6. STW5
7. Cannabis
8. Ginger
9. Conclusions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Herbal Compound | Summary of Clinically Relevant Findings | |
---|---|---|
1 | Peppermint oil | Efficacy in functional abdominal pain syndromes supported by two placebo-controlled pediatric trials [5,6], using a dose of 187 mg three times daily (for children between 30 and 45 kg) or 374 mg three times daily (for children ≥45 kg). Commercial formulations are readily available. Use is associated with increased symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux. Enteric-release formulations used in the published studies are not suitable for children unable to swallow pills. |
2 | Fennel | Fennel has been shown to reduce episodes of crying in infants with colic through four randomized controlled trials (RCT) [7] No safety signals were identified in these studies [8,9,10,11]. Dosage and formulation used in the controlled trials were inconsistent. Pediatric studies assessing the efficacy of fennel for FGIDs are lacking. |
3 | Licorice | There are currently no pediatric studies confirming safety, dosing, or benefit for children with FGIDs. Licorice that has not been deglycyrrhizinated has mineralocorticoid properties that can cause hypertension and hypokalemia. |
4 | STW5 | In a large pediatric study, 39% of children who received STW5, 10–20 drops three times a day for 7 days reported complete relief of upper and lower GI symptoms. STW5 was well tolerated in 94.8% of cases with only four mild adverse events [12]. Dosing is uncomplicated: for ages 3 to 5 years: 10 drops three times a day; for ages 6 to 12 years: 15 drops three times a day; for teens and adults, 20 drops three times a day. Liquid formulation is considered by some to be unpalatable. |
5 | Cannabis | There are no pediatric data on cannabis for functional gastrointestinal disorders. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), found in many cannabis products, has significant risk of side effects including long-term developmental problems. |
6 | Ginger | There are no data on ginger for functional abdominal pain in children, although it has been studied for nausea and vomiting. Ginger formulations are not standardized. |
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Cherry, R.N.; Blanchard, S.S.; Chogle, A.; Santucci, N.R.; Mehta, K.; Russell, A.C. Herbal Approaches to Pediatric Functional Abdominal Pain. Children 2022, 9, 1266. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9081266
Cherry RN, Blanchard SS, Chogle A, Santucci NR, Mehta K, Russell AC. Herbal Approaches to Pediatric Functional Abdominal Pain. Children. 2022; 9(8):1266. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9081266
Chicago/Turabian StyleCherry, Rebecca N., Samra S. Blanchard, Ashish Chogle, Neha R. Santucci, Khyati Mehta, and Alexandra C. Russell. 2022. "Herbal Approaches to Pediatric Functional Abdominal Pain" Children 9, no. 8: 1266. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9081266