Effects of Different Anti-Epileptic Drug Groups and Brushing on the Color Stability of Restorative Materials Used in Pedodontics: An In Vitro Evaluation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Preparation of Samples
2.2. Subgrouping of the Specimens
2.3. Discoloration Measurement and Brushing Cycles
2.4. Analysis of Data
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Brand Name | Active Ingredient |
---|---|
Tegretol | Carbamazepine |
Depakine | Sodium Valproate |
Keppra | Levetiracetam |
Product | Material Type | Mixing | Curing | Manufacturer |
---|---|---|---|---|
Dyract | Polyacid- Modified Composite Resin (compomer) | N/A | Light–cure For 20 s | Dentsply DeTrey, GmbH, Konstanz, Germany |
XP | ||||
Voco | Composite | N/A | Light–cure | Voco GmbH, |
Arabesk N | Resin | For | Cuxhaven, | |
20 s | Germany | |||
IonoStar | Glass | 10 s | No cure, allowed to | Voco,Cuxhaven, |
Plus | Ionomer Cement | with a mixer | set for 5 min | Germany |
Source | Type III Sum of Squares | Df | Mean Square | F | p | Partial Eta2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Corrected Model | 1071.748 | 47 | 22.803 | 14.897 | 0.001 * | 0.785 |
Intercept | 9665.466 | 1 | 9665.466 | 6314.283 | 0.001 * | 0.970 |
Week | 157.821 | 1 | 157.821 | 103.101 | 0.001 * | 0.349 |
Solution | 228.395 | 3 | 76.132 | 49.735 | 0.001 * | 0.437 |
Teeth brushing | 14.514 | 1 | 14.514 | 9.482 | 0.002 * | 0.047 |
Material | 35.650 | 2 | 17.825 | 11.645 | 0.001 * | 0.108 |
Week × Solution | 142.289 | 3 | 47.430 | 30.985 | 0.001 * | 0.326 |
Week × Teeth brushing | 0.007 | 1 | 0.007 | 0.004 | 0.948 | 0.000 |
Week × Material | 47.131 | 2 | 23.565 | 15.395 | 0.001 * | 0.138 |
Solution × Teeth brushing | 1.602 | 3 | 0.534 | 0.349 | 0.790 | 0.005 |
Solution × Material | 347.007 | 6 | 57.835 | 37.782 | 0.001 * | 0.541 |
Teeth brushing × Material | 1.643 | 2 | 0.822 | 0.537 | 0.586 | 0.006 |
Week × Solution × Teeth brushing | 1.121 | 3 | 0.374 | 0.244 | 0.865 | 0.004 |
Week × Solution × Material | 87.343 | 6 | 14.557 | 9.510 | 0.001 * | 0.229 |
Week × Teeth brushing × Material | 0.752 | 2 | 0.376 | 0.246 | 0.782 | 0.003 |
Çözelti × Teeth brushing × Material | 5.553 | 6 | 0.925 | 0.605 | 0.726 | 0.019 |
Week × Solution × Teeth brushing × Material | 0.922 | 6 | 0.154 | 0.100 | 0.996 | 0.003 |
Error | 293.900 | 192 | 1.531 | |||
Total | 11,031.114 | 240 | ||||
Corrected Total | 1365.648 | 239 | ||||
R2 = 0.785 (Adjusted R2 = 0.732) * p < 0.05 |
Compomer | Composite | GIC | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Not-Brushing | Brushing | Not-Brushing | Brushing | Not-Brushing | Brushing | ||
1. Week | Distilled Water | 1.85 ± 0.15 A,a,1 | 1.51 ± 0.44 X,a,1 | 3.78 ± 1.95 A,a,2 | 3.14 ± 1.85 X,a,2 | 3.05 ± 0.76 A,a,2 | 2.79 ± 0.81 X,a,2 |
Tegretol (Carbamazepine) | 7.46 ± 0.96 B,a,1 | 6.97 ± 0.48 Y,a,1 | 7.58 ± 0.44 B,a,1 | 7.28 ± 0.65 Y,a,1 | 5.94 ± 0.41 B,a,2 | 5.71 ± 0.51 Y,a,2 | |
Keppra (Levetiracetam) | 7.19 ± 0.45 B,a,1 | 6.84 ± 0.48 Y,a,1 | 6.92 ± 0.67 B,a,1 | 6.70 ± 0.59 Y,a,1 | 7.16 ± 2.38 B,a,1 | 6.22 ± 1.71 Y,a,1 | |
Depakine (Sodium Valproate) | 7.56 ± 0.73 B,a,1 | 7.26 ± 0.73 Y,a,1 | 7.33 ± 0.69 B,a,1 | 6.29 ± 2.37 Y,a,1 | 3.41 ± 1.94 A,a,2 | 2.82 ± 2.22 X,a,2 | |
2. Week | Distilled Water | 4.71 ± 0.87 A,b,1 | 4.53 ± 0.89 X,b,1 | 3.99 ± 1.97 A,a,2 | 3.69 ± 1.54 X,a,2 | 5.65 ± 0.54 A,b,3 | 3.25 ± 0.48 X,b,3 |
Tegretol (Carbamazepine) | 8.59 ± 0.43 B,b,1 | 8.41 ± 0.33 Y,b,1 | 8.32 ± 0.33 B,a,1 | 8.04 ± 0.19 Y,b,1 | 6.68 ± 0.90 A,B, b,2 | 6.32 ± 0.74 Y,b,2 | |
Keppra (Levetiracetam) | 8.15 ± 0.92 B,b,1 | 7.78 ± 0.68 Y,b,1 | 7.16 ± 0.91 B,a,2 | 6.89 ± 0.66 Y,a,2 | 8.79 ± 2.65 B,b,3 | 6.52 ± 1.63 Y,a,2 | |
Depakine (Sodium Valproate) | 8.29 ± 0.83 B,a,1 | 8.15 ± 0.89 Y,b,1 | 7.48 ± 0.64 B,a,2 | 6.63 ± 1.94 Y,a,2 | 3.98 ± 2.09 A,a,3 | 3.45 ± 2.14 X,a,b,3 |
Compomer | Composite | GIC | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-Brushing | Brushing | Non-Brushing | Brushing | Non-Brushing | Brushing | ||
2. Week—1. Week | Distilled Water | 2.86 ± 0.88 | 3.02 ± 0.55 | 0.21 ± 0.14 | 0.55 ± 0.59 | 2.6 ± 1.11 | 0.46 ± 0.24 |
Tegretol (Carbamazepine) | 1.13 ± 0.88 | 1.43 ± 0.79 | 0.75 ± 0.31 | 0.75 ± 0.83 | 0.74 ± 0.79 | 0.60 ± 0.47 | |
Keppra (Levetiracetam) | 0.95 ± 0.73 | 0.94 ± 0.48 | 0.24 ± 0.40 | 0.19 ± 0.13 | 1.63 ± 0.72 | 0.29 ± 0.17 | |
Depakine (Sodium Valproate) | 0.73 ± 0.13 | 0.89 ± 0.31 | 0.15 ± 0.15 | 0.34 ± 0.46 | 0.57 ± 0.45 | 0.63 ± 0.57 |
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Dogan, M.S.; Yıldız, Ş. Effects of Different Anti-Epileptic Drug Groups and Brushing on the Color Stability of Restorative Materials Used in Pedodontics: An In Vitro Evaluation. Children 2024, 11, 235. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11020235
Dogan MS, Yıldız Ş. Effects of Different Anti-Epileptic Drug Groups and Brushing on the Color Stability of Restorative Materials Used in Pedodontics: An In Vitro Evaluation. Children. 2024; 11(2):235. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11020235
Chicago/Turabian StyleDogan, Mehmet Sinan, and Şemsettin Yıldız. 2024. "Effects of Different Anti-Epileptic Drug Groups and Brushing on the Color Stability of Restorative Materials Used in Pedodontics: An In Vitro Evaluation" Children 11, no. 2: 235. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11020235