Role of Satisfaction with Life, Sex and Body Mass Index in Physical Literacy of Spanish Children
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Participants
2.3. Ethics
2.4. Procedures and Measures
2.4.1. Anthropometry
2.4.2. Physical Literacy
- Physical competence. This domain assesses the physical ability of the participants through 3 different tests. Each test is evaluated with a score from 1 to 10, obtaining a final score for the domain out of 30 points. These tests are the Canadian Agility and Movement Skill Assessment (CAMSA) as an agility circuit; the abdominal plank isometric test [60] for 2 min; and the PACER (Progressive aerobic Cardiovascular Endurance Run) cardio-respiratory capacity test.
- Daily physical activity behaviour. The total score for this domain is obtained by the number of total steps taken by participants recorded on an activity wristband (Xiaomi mi Band 3, Xiaomi Corporation, Beijing, China) and the number of minutes of physical activity undertaken by participants for at least 60 min.
- Knowledge and understanding. The score for this domain is obtained by answering 5 questions, which can be scored between 1 and 10 points. Four of the five questions are multiple choice questions, scoring 0 to 1 point, and a final question which consists of filling in the blanks by completing a story, scoring 1 to 6 points.
- Motivation and confidence. Domain composed of 4 parts: intrinsic motivation, predilection, suitability, and competence. This domain assesses participants’ confidence and motivation to be physically active, scoring from 1 to 30 points.
2.4.3. Life Satisfaction
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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All (n = 133) | Male (n = 62) | Female (n = 71) | Normal Weight (n = 74) | Overweight or Obesity (n = 58) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | p | M | SD | M | SD | p | |
Age | 10.09 | 0.76 | 10.16 | 0.71 | 10.03 | 0.81 | 0.283 | 10.03 | 0.79 | 10.17 | 0.73 | 0.183 |
BMI | 20.00 | 10.27 | 20.98 | 14.58 | 19.15 | 3.72 | 0.696 | 16.61 | 1.49 | 24.27 | 14.38 | <0.001 |
Daily Physical Activity Behaviour (DB) | 17.30 | 7.51 | 20.98 | 6.94 | 14.08 | 6.46 | <0.001 | 18.05 | 7.37 | 16.33 | 7.64 | 0.208 |
Physical Competence (PC) | 15.80 | 5.67 | 17.21 | 6.03 | 14.56 | 5.06 | 0.012 | 17.48 | 5.78 | 13.61 | 4.74 | <0.001 |
Motivation and Confidence (MC) | 25.57 | 2.98 | 26.25 | 2.64 | 24.97 | 3.14 | 0.020 | 25.78 | 2.88 | 25.30 | 3.10 | 0.463 |
Knowledge and Understanding (KU) | 6.44 | 1.69 | 6.47 | 1.82 | 6.42 | 1.58 | 0.853 | 6.52 | 1.66 | 6.34 | 1.73 | 0.692 |
CAPL-2 | 65.11 | 12.77 | 70.91 | 12.17 | 60.05 | 11.06 | <0.001 | 67.84 | 12.43 | 61.58 | 12.43 | 0.010 |
In most ways my life is close to the way I would want it to be | 4.02 | 1.03 | 4.31 | 0.81 | 3.77 | 1.14 | 0.004 | 4.19 | 0.95 | 3.81 | 1.10 | 0.026 |
The things in my life are excellent | 4.45 | 0.76 | 4.57 | 0.64 | 4.35 | 0.83 | 0.129 | 4.57 | 0.70 | 4.31 | 0.80 | 0.040 |
I am happy with my life | 4.37 | 0.89 | 4.59 | 0.72 | 4.18 | 0.98 | 0.009 | 4.41 | 0.83 | 4.33 | 0.96 | 0.745 |
So far I have gotten the important things I want in life | 4.14 | 0.90 | 4.48 | 0.59 | 3.86 | 1.02 | <0.001 | 4.26 | 0.91 | 4.00 | 0.88 | 0.042 |
If I could live my life over, I would have it the same way | 3.95 | 1.25 | 4.24 | 1.18 | 3.69 | 1.26 | 0.002 | 4.13 | 1.17 | 3.71 | 1.32 | 0.043 |
SWLS | 20.93 | 3.74 | 22.18 | 2.67 | 19.86 | 4.19 | 0.001 | 21.54 | 3.46 | 20.16 | 3.96 | 0.023 |
β (95% CI) | T Statistic | p-Value | R2 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
CAPL-2 | ||||
SWLS | 0.412 | 5.362 | <0.001 | 0.386 |
Sex | −0.301 | −4.089 | <0.001 | |
BMI | −0.176 | −2.406 | 0.018 | |
Daily Physical Activity Behaviour (DB) | 0.272 | |||
SWLS | 0.299 | 3.789 | <0.001 | |
Sex | −0.358 | −4.551 | <0.001 | |
Physical Competence (PC) | 0.194 | |||
SWLS | 0.377 | 4.577 | <0.001 | |
BMI | −0.166 | −2.021 | 0.045 | |
Motivation and Confidence (MC) | 0.211 | |||
SWLS | 5.975 | 0.466 | <0.001 |
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Urbano-Mairena, J.; Mendoza-Muñoz, M.; Carlos-Vivas, J.; Pastor-Cisneros, R.; Castillo-Paredes, A.; Rodal, M.; Muñoz-Bermejo, L. Role of Satisfaction with Life, Sex and Body Mass Index in Physical Literacy of Spanish Children. Children 2024, 11, 181. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11020181
Urbano-Mairena J, Mendoza-Muñoz M, Carlos-Vivas J, Pastor-Cisneros R, Castillo-Paredes A, Rodal M, Muñoz-Bermejo L. Role of Satisfaction with Life, Sex and Body Mass Index in Physical Literacy of Spanish Children. Children. 2024; 11(2):181. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11020181
Chicago/Turabian StyleUrbano-Mairena, Javier, María Mendoza-Muñoz, Jorge Carlos-Vivas, Raquel Pastor-Cisneros, Antonio Castillo-Paredes, Miguel Rodal, and Laura Muñoz-Bermejo. 2024. "Role of Satisfaction with Life, Sex and Body Mass Index in Physical Literacy of Spanish Children" Children 11, no. 2: 181. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11020181