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Volume 11
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10.3390/children11101250
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Article

Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Its Impact on Pediatric Lung Function, Aerobic Fitness, and Body Mass: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study

by
Ivan Pavić
1,2,
Iva Topalušić
1,*,
Tamara Poljičanin
3,
Ozana Hofmann Jaeger
1,
Sara Žaja
2 and
Asja Stipić Marković
4
1
Department of Pulmonology, Allergology, Immunology and Rheumatology, Children’s Hospital Zagreb, Klaićeva Street 16, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
2
School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21 000 Split, Croatia
3
Zagreb County Health Center, Josip Runjanin Street 4, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
4
University Hospital for Infectious Diseases Dr. Fran Mihaljević, Mirogojska 8, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Children 2024, 11(10), 1250; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11101250
Submission received: 23 September 2024 / Revised: 10 October 2024 / Accepted: 14 October 2024 / Published: 17 October 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine)
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Abstract

Background: Several studies have documented the detrimental impacts of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure to a range of pediatric respiratory conditions, including asthma, bronchitis, and reduced lung function. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of SHS exposure on lung function, physical fitness, and body mass index (BMI) in children aged 10 to 14 years. Methods: This cross-sectional study included children aged 10 to 14 years at the Elementary School “Trilj” in Trilj, Croatia. Data on SHS exposure were collected using a questionnaire. Antropometric and spirometry measurements were performed. Physical fitness was assessed using the shuttle run (BEEP) test. Results: This study included 157 children, 89 (56.69%) boys and 68 (43.31%) girls. Children exposed to every day SHS in households had significantly lower values of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF) (p < 0.001) and higher z-score BMI levels (p = 0.018) in comparison to unexposed children. Logistic regression showed that children unexposed to SHS had higher odds for better results in the BEEP test (OR 62.45, 95% CI 21.26–179.24, p < 0.001). Children with poorer physical fitness, expressed by lower BEEP score levels, had significantly lower FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and PEF (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Every day SHS exposure in children was associated with poorer lung function, higher BMI, and poorer physical fitness.
Keywords: secondhand smoke; lung function; physical fitness; children secondhand smoke; lung function; physical fitness; children

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pavić, I.; Topalušić, I.; Poljičanin, T.; Hofmann Jaeger, O.; Žaja, S.; Stipić Marković, A. Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Its Impact on Pediatric Lung Function, Aerobic Fitness, and Body Mass: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study. Children 2024, 11, 1250. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11101250

AMA Style

Pavić I, Topalušić I, Poljičanin T, Hofmann Jaeger O, Žaja S, Stipić Marković A. Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Its Impact on Pediatric Lung Function, Aerobic Fitness, and Body Mass: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study. Children. 2024; 11(10):1250. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11101250

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pavić, Ivan, Iva Topalušić, Tamara Poljičanin, Ozana Hofmann Jaeger, Sara Žaja, and Asja Stipić Marković. 2024. "Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Its Impact on Pediatric Lung Function, Aerobic Fitness, and Body Mass: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study" Children 11, no. 10: 1250. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11101250

APA Style

Pavić, I., Topalušić, I., Poljičanin, T., Hofmann Jaeger, O., Žaja, S., & Stipić Marković, A. (2024). Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Its Impact on Pediatric Lung Function, Aerobic Fitness, and Body Mass: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study. Children, 11(10), 1250. https://doi.org/10.3390/children11101250

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