Photoinactivation of Staphylococci with 405 nm Light in a Trachea Model with Saliva Substitute at 37 °C

Meurle, Tobias; Knaus, Johannes; Barbano, Agustin; Hoenes, Katharina; Spellerberg, Barbara; Hessling, Martin

doi:10.3390/healthcare9030310

Open AccessArticle

Photoinactivation of Staphylococci with 405 nm Light in a Trachea Model with Saliva Substitute at 37 °C

by

Tobias Meurle

^1,*

,

Johannes Knaus

¹,

Agustin Barbano

¹

,

Katharina Hoenes

¹

,

Barbara Spellerberg

²

and

Martin Hessling

^1,*

¹

Institute of Medical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ulm University of Applied Sciences, 89081 Ulm, Germany

²

Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Healthcare 2021, 9(3), 310; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9030310

Submission received: 15 January 2021 / Revised: 28 February 2021 / Accepted: 4 March 2021 / Published: 11 March 2021

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Abstract

The globally observed rise in bacterial resistance against antibiotics has increased the need for alternatives to antibiotic treatments. The most prominent and important pathogen bacteria are the ESKAPE pathogens, which include among others Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii. These species cause ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), which accounts for 24% of all nosocomial infections. In this study we tested the efficacy of photoinactivation with 405 nm violet light under conditions comparable to an intubated patient with artificial saliva for bacterial suspension at 37 °C. A technical trachea model was developed to investigate the visible light photoinactivation of Staphylococcus carnosus as a non-pathogen surrogate of the ESKAPE pathogen S. aureus (MRSA). The violet light was coupled into the tube with a fiber optic setup. The performed tests proved, that photoinactivation at 37 °C is more effective with a reduction of almost 3 log levels (99.8%) compared to 25 °C with a reduction of 1.2 log levels. The substitution of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) by artificial saliva solution slightly increased the efficiency during the experimental course. The increased efficiency might be caused by a less favorable environment for bacteria due to for example the ionic composition.

Keywords: ventilator-associated pneumonia; visible light photoinactivation; endotracheal tube; ESKAPE pathogens; 405 nm; artificial human saliva; trachea replacement model; prevention of VAP

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MDPI and ACS Style

Meurle, T.; Knaus, J.; Barbano, A.; Hoenes, K.; Spellerberg, B.; Hessling, M. Photoinactivation of Staphylococci with 405 nm Light in a Trachea Model with Saliva Substitute at 37 °C. Healthcare 2021, 9, 310. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9030310

AMA Style

Meurle T, Knaus J, Barbano A, Hoenes K, Spellerberg B, Hessling M. Photoinactivation of Staphylococci with 405 nm Light in a Trachea Model with Saliva Substitute at 37 °C. Healthcare. 2021; 9(3):310. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9030310

Chicago/Turabian Style

Meurle, Tobias, Johannes Knaus, Agustin Barbano, Katharina Hoenes, Barbara Spellerberg, and Martin Hessling. 2021. "Photoinactivation of Staphylococci with 405 nm Light in a Trachea Model with Saliva Substitute at 37 °C" Healthcare 9, no. 3: 310. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9030310

APA Style

Meurle, T., Knaus, J., Barbano, A., Hoenes, K., Spellerberg, B., & Hessling, M. (2021). Photoinactivation of Staphylococci with 405 nm Light in a Trachea Model with Saliva Substitute at 37 °C. Healthcare, 9(3), 310. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9030310

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Photoinactivation of Staphylococci with 405 nm Light in a Trachea Model with Saliva Substitute at 37 °C

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