Pulmonary Fat Embolism Following Liposuction and Fat Grafting: A Review of Published Cases
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Data Sources and Search Strategy
2.2. Eligibility Criteria and Study Selection
2.3. Data Extraction
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of Enrolled Studies
3.2. Symptoms, Laboratory Tests, and Diagnostic Measurements of Enrolled Patients
3.3. Treatment
3.4. Resolution Time for Pulmonary Embolism
3.5. Outcome
4. Discussion
4.1. Demographics and Diagnosis
4.2. Management of Pulmonary Fat Embolism and Complications
4.3. Hospital Course and Outcome
4.4. Strengths and Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Year, Author | Country | Sex | Age | Surgery | Cardiac Arrest | Mechanical Ventilation | Mortality |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1983, Hunter GR [15] | US | F | 37 | Liposuction | No | Unknown | Alive |
1986, Christman KD [16] | US | F | 56 | Liposuction | Yes | Yes | Dead |
1988, Ross RM [17] | US | F | 44 | Liposuction | No | Yes | Alive |
1990, Boezaart AP [18] | South Africa | F | 39 | Liposuction | No | Yes | Alive |
1990, Laub Jr DR [19] | US | F | 51 | Liposuction | No | No | Alive |
1997, Currie I [20] | Canada | F | 69 | Liposuction, fat grafting | Yes | Yes | Dead |
1998, Fourme T [21] | France | F | 29 | Liposuction | No | No | Alive |
1999, Folador JC [22] | Brazil | F | 40 | Liposuction | No | No | Alive |
1999, Scroggins C [23] | US | F | 54 | Liposuction | No | Yes | Alive |
2002, Platt MS-1 [14] | US | F | 82 | Liposuction | Yes | Yes | Dead |
2002, Platt MS-2 [14] | US | M | 50 | Liposuction | Yes | Yes | Dead |
2006, Rothmann C [24] | France | F | 24 | Liposuction | No | Yes | Alive |
2007, Wessman DE [25] | US | M | 31 | Liposuction | No | No | Alive |
2008, Costa AN [26] | Brazil | M | 53 | Liposuction, fat grafting | No | Yes | Alive |
2011, Erba P [27] | Switzerland | F | 46 | Liposuction | No | Yes | Alive |
2011, Gleeson CM [28] | UK | F | 37 | Liposuction, fat grafting | Yes | Yes | Dead |
2012, Shiffman MA [29] | US | F | 40 | Liposuction, fat grafting | Yes | Yes | Dead |
2013, Zeidman M [30] | US | F | 24 | Liposuction | No | Yes | Alive |
2014, Cohen L [31] | US | F | 58 | Liposuction | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
2014, Hostiuc S [32] | Romania | F | 56 | Liposuction | Yes | Yes | Dead |
2015, Astarita DC [33] | US | F | 42 | Liposuction, fat grafting | Yes | Yes | Dead |
2015, Byeon SW [34] | Korea | M | 21 | Liposuction | No | Yes | Alive |
2015, Cárdenas-Camarena L [35] | Colombia | F | 37 | Liposuction, fat grafting | Yes | Yes | Dead |
2015, Fu X [36] | China | F | 30 | Liposuction, fat grafting | No | No | Alive |
2015, Vidua RK [37] | India | F | 39 | Liposuction | Yes | No | Dead |
2016, Souza RL [12] | Brazil | F | 42 | Liposuction, fat grafting | No | Yes | Dead |
2017, Ali A [38] | UK | F | 45 | Liposuction | No | Yes | Alive |
2017, Sasaki Y [39] | Japan | F | 29 | Liposuction | No | Yes | Alive |
2017, Zilg B [40] | Sweden | M | 31 | Liposuction, fat grafting | Yes | Yes | Dead |
2019, Peña W [41] | Mexico | F | 41 | Liposuction, fat grafting | Yes | Yes | Alive |
2019, Saon MD [42] | US | F | 52 | Liposuction | No | No | Alive |
2020, Recinos S [43] | Guatemala | M | 37 | Liposuction, fat grafting | Yes | Yes | Alive |
2021, Kadar A [13] | US | F | 26 | Liposuction | No | Yes | Alive |
2022, Fonseca EKUN [44] | Brazil | F | 32 | Liposuction | Unknown | Unknown | Unknown |
2022, Foula AS [45] | Egypt | F | 29 | Liposuction | Yes | Yes | Alive |
2022, Pham MQ [46] | Vietnam | F | 37 | Liposuction | No | No | Alive |
2022, Wolfe EM-1 [47] | US | F | 28 | Liposuction, fat grafting | No | Yes | Alive |
2022, Wolfe EM-2 [47] | US | F | 26 | Liposuction, fat grafting | No | Yes | Alive |
Demographic Data | Percentage | Body Parts | Percentage |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 39.0 (30.3–49.0) * | Abdomen/flank | 21 (55%) |
Sex (female) | 32 (84%) | Lower limbs | 14 (37%) |
Comorbidity | 7 (18%) | Buttocks | 12 (32%) |
Surgery | Breast/chest | 9 (24%) | |
Liposuction | 38 (100%) | Upper limbs | 3 (8%) |
Fat grafting | 13 (34%) | Head/neck | 2 (5%) |
Others # | 3 (8%) | Penis | 2 (5%) |
Symptoms | Percentage | Diagnostic Measurements | Percentage |
---|---|---|---|
Dyspnea | 21 (55%) | Examinations | |
Hypotension | 16 (42%) | CT scan | 18/18 (100%) |
Tachycardia | 14 (37%) | CXR | 16/19 (84%) |
Hypoxia | 12 (32%) | Echocardiogram | 8/12 (67%) |
Altered mental state | 9 (24%) | Bronchoalveolar lavage | 4/4 (100%) |
Cardiac arrest | 8 (21%) | Autopsy | 10/10 (100%) |
Fever | 7 (18%) | Pulmonary angiogram | 3/3 (100%) |
Skin rash/petechiae | 5 (13%) | Laboratory tests | |
Chest pain | 4 (11%) | PaO2/FiO2 ≤ 200 mmHg | 18/18 (100%) |
Cyanosis | 4 (11%) | White cell count > 1000, < 4000/μL | 9/11 (82%) |
Cough | 3 (8%) | Hemoglobin < 12 g/dL | 8/14 (57%) |
Hemoptysis | 3 (8%) | Platelet < 150,000/μL | 5/11 (45%) |
Syncope | 2 (5%) | Creatine > 1.2 g/L | 2/5 (40%) |
Bradycardia | 2 (5%) | T bilirubin > 1.2 g/L | 2/3 (67%) |
Neurologic deficit | 2 (5%) | D-dimer > 500 mg/L | 4/4 (100%) |
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Kao, Y.-M.; Chen, K.-T.; Lee, K.-C.; Hsu, C.-C.; Chien, Y.-C. Pulmonary Fat Embolism Following Liposuction and Fat Grafting: A Review of Published Cases. Healthcare 2023, 11, 1391. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11101391
Kao Y-M, Chen K-T, Lee K-C, Hsu C-C, Chien Y-C. Pulmonary Fat Embolism Following Liposuction and Fat Grafting: A Review of Published Cases. Healthcare. 2023; 11(10):1391. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11101391
Chicago/Turabian StyleKao, Yu-Ming, Kuo-Tai Chen, Kuo-Chang Lee, Chien-Chin Hsu, and Yeh-Cheng Chien. 2023. "Pulmonary Fat Embolism Following Liposuction and Fat Grafting: A Review of Published Cases" Healthcare 11, no. 10: 1391. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11101391
APA StyleKao, Y. -M., Chen, K. -T., Lee, K. -C., Hsu, C. -C., & Chien, Y. -C. (2023). Pulmonary Fat Embolism Following Liposuction and Fat Grafting: A Review of Published Cases. Healthcare, 11(10), 1391. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11101391