Distributed Power Sharing Control Strategy for Interconnected AC and DC Microgrids Based on Event-Triggered Control Under Denial-of-Service Attack

Zhao, Zhiheng; Jia, Qi; Lyu, Siyu; Li, Xinwei; Zhang, Xiaoheng; Jiang, Chuanyu

doi:10.3390/math13091499

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Open AccessArticle

Distributed Power Sharing Control Strategy for Interconnected AC and DC Microgrids Based on Event-Triggered Control Under Denial-of-Service Attack

by

Zhiheng Zhao

^1,*,

Qi Jia

²,

Siyu Lyu

^3,4,

Xinwei Li

²,

Xiaoheng Zhang

² and

Chuanyu Jiang

¹

College of Information Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110000, China

²

State Grid Liaoning Electric Power Research Institute, Shenyang 110000, China

³

Huaneng Nuclear Power Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100031, China

⁴

China Huaneng Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100031, China

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Mathematics 2025, 13(9), 1499; https://doi.org/10.3390/math13091499

Submission received: 7 April 2025 / Revised: 26 April 2025 / Accepted: 28 April 2025 / Published: 30 April 2025

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Abstract

Although the problem of power sharing in interconnected AC and DC microgrids formed through interlinking converters (ICs) has been extensively studied, the problem of active power sharing under the extreme conditions of three-phase imbalance/nonlinear loads and Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack has not yet been resolved. Based on this, this paper proposes an event-triggered distributed consensus control method to achieve active power sharing under such extreme conditions. Firstly, aiming at the active power sharing problem in interconnected microgrids under DoS attack, this paper proposes a distributed power sharing control strategy based on event-triggered control under DoS attack. Each IC is defined as an agent, and its first-order agent dynamics are constructed. Secondly, a stability criterion and proof of asymptotic stability considering DoS attack are provided. Finally, simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Keywords: AC and DC microgrids; event-triggered control; IC; DoS attack; power sharing

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhao, Z.; Jia, Q.; Lyu, S.; Li, X.; Zhang, X.; Jiang, C. Distributed Power Sharing Control Strategy for Interconnected AC and DC Microgrids Based on Event-Triggered Control Under Denial-of-Service Attack. Mathematics 2025, 13, 1499. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13091499

AMA Style

Zhao Z, Jia Q, Lyu S, Li X, Zhang X, Jiang C. Distributed Power Sharing Control Strategy for Interconnected AC and DC Microgrids Based on Event-Triggered Control Under Denial-of-Service Attack. Mathematics. 2025; 13(9):1499. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13091499

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhao, Zhiheng, Qi Jia, Siyu Lyu, Xinwei Li, Xiaoheng Zhang, and Chuanyu Jiang. 2025. "Distributed Power Sharing Control Strategy for Interconnected AC and DC Microgrids Based on Event-Triggered Control Under Denial-of-Service Attack" Mathematics 13, no. 9: 1499. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13091499

APA Style

Zhao, Z., Jia, Q., Lyu, S., Li, X., Zhang, X., & Jiang, C. (2025). Distributed Power Sharing Control Strategy for Interconnected AC and DC Microgrids Based on Event-Triggered Control Under Denial-of-Service Attack. Mathematics, 13(9), 1499. https://doi.org/10.3390/math13091499

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Distributed Power Sharing Control Strategy for Interconnected AC and DC Microgrids Based on Event-Triggered Control Under Denial-of-Service Attack

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