Changes in Healthy Behaviors among Arab Israeli Children Diagnosed with ASD amid the Coronavirus Outbreak: Mothers’ Perceptions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants and Setting
2.2. Data Collection and Analyses
2.2.1. Sociodemographic Characters of the Sample
2.2.2. Health Behaviors Measures
3. Results
3.1. Sociodemographic Descriptions
3.2. Health-Related Behaviors Prior to and throughout the COVID-19 Outbreak
3.2.1. Physical Activity
3.2.2. Screen Time
3.2.3. Sleep Duration
3.3. Prevalence Rates of Meeting 24-Hour Guidelines
4. Discussion
4.1. Physical Activity
4.2. Screen Time
4.3. Sleep Duration
4.4. Limitations and Implications for Future Studies
5. Conclusions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total (N = 46) | |
---|---|
Mothers | |
Age {M (SD)} | 37.65 (6.22) |
Age group {N(%)} | |
25 years old and below | 3 (6.5) |
26–35 years old | 7 (15.2) |
36–45 years old | 32 (69.6) |
46–55 years old | 3 (6.5) |
Over 55 years old | 1 (2.2) |
Education {N(%)} | |
Elementary | 6 (13) |
Secondary | 13 (28.3) |
BA degree | 17 (37) |
≥MA degree | 10 (21.7) |
Working (yes) {N(%)} | 31 (67.4) |
Was one of your family members diagnosed with COVID-19? (yes) {N(%)} | 22 (47.8) |
Was one of your family members in isolation? (yes) {N(%)} | 36 (78.3) |
Children | |
Female {N(%)} | 13 (28.3) |
Age {M (SD)} | 6.37 (2.03) |
Age level {N(%)} | |
3–5 years old | 23 (50) |
6–10 years old | 23 (50) |
Type of school {N(%)} | |
Regular kindergarten | 11 (23.9) |
Kindergarten for children with special needs | 12 (26.1) |
Regular class in regular school | 5 (10.9) |
Special class in a regular class | 9 (19.6) |
Special school | 9 (19.6) |
Diagnosed with COVID-19 | 12 (26.1) |
Asked to be in isolation | 25 (54.3) |
Measure | Total (n = 46) | 3–5 Years Old (n = 23) | 6–10 Years Old (n = 23) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre M (SD) | During M (SD) | Pre M (SD) | During M (SD) | Pre M (SD) | During M (SD) | |
Physical activity (days a week) | 5.96 (0.76) | 4.41 (0.86) | 5.91 (0.79) | 4.48 (0.89) | 6 (0.74) | 3.34 (0.83) |
Screen time (hours a day) | 1.61 (0.48) | 3.01 (0.65) | 1.58 (0.47) | 2.93 (0.71) | 1.65 (0.49) | 3.09 (0.59) |
Sleep duration (hours a day) | 8.54 (0.55) | 9.35 (0.68) | 8.48 (0.60) | 9.15 (68) | 8.61 (0.50) | 9.55 (0.66) |
Total % (n = 46) | 3–5-Year-Olds % (n = 23) | 6–10-Year-Olds % (n = 23) | t (p, d) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Before COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
PA | 26.1 | 26.1 | 26.1 | 0 (1, 0) |
ST | 67.4 | 34.8 | 100 | −6.42 (<0.001, 1.89) |
SD | 52.2 | 4.3 | 100 | −22 (<0.001, 6.49) |
24 h combined | 15.2 | 4.3 | 26.1 | −2.11 (0.041, 0.62) |
During COVID-19 outbreak | ||||
PA | 6.5 ↓ | 8.7 ↓ | 4.4 ↓ | −0.59 (0.561, 0.17) |
ST | 6.5 ↓ | 0 ↓ | 13.4 ↓ | −1.82 (0.038, 0.54) |
SD | 58.7 ↑ | 17.4 ↑ | 100 | −10.22 (<0.001, 3.01) |
24 h combined | 2.2 ↓ | 0 | 4.4 ↓ | −1 (0.323, 0.29) |
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Ghanamah, R. Changes in Healthy Behaviors among Arab Israeli Children Diagnosed with ASD amid the Coronavirus Outbreak: Mothers’ Perceptions. Educ. Sci. 2024, 14, 253. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14030253
Ghanamah R. Changes in Healthy Behaviors among Arab Israeli Children Diagnosed with ASD amid the Coronavirus Outbreak: Mothers’ Perceptions. Education Sciences. 2024; 14(3):253. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14030253
Chicago/Turabian StyleGhanamah, Rafat. 2024. "Changes in Healthy Behaviors among Arab Israeli Children Diagnosed with ASD amid the Coronavirus Outbreak: Mothers’ Perceptions" Education Sciences 14, no. 3: 253. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14030253
APA StyleGhanamah, R. (2024). Changes in Healthy Behaviors among Arab Israeli Children Diagnosed with ASD amid the Coronavirus Outbreak: Mothers’ Perceptions. Education Sciences, 14(3), 253. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14030253