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Volume 15
Issue 12
10.3390/plants15121901
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Article

Taxonomy Identification and Phytotoxic Activities of Pectolytic Bacteria Isolated from Diseased Plants of Phalaenopsis Blume (Orchidaceae)

by
Anastasiya A. Bychkova
1,*,
Xenia D. Desneva
1,
Milana M. Filippova
1,
Maksim N. Sokolov
1,
Denis Y. Kushpetiuk
2,
Natalia A. Makeeva
2,
Julia A. Balabanova
2,3,
Gennady L. Burygin
1,3,4,* and
Yuliya V. Zaitseva
1
1
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Ecology, P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University, 150003 Yaroslavl, Russia
2
Department of Plant Breeding, Selection, and Genetics, Institute of Genetics and Agronomy, Vavilov University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
3
Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, 410049 Saratov, Russia
4
Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saratov State University, 83 Astrakhanskaya Street, 410012 Saratov, Russia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Plants 2026, 15(12), 1901; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15121901
Submission received: 20 April 2026 / Revised: 13 June 2026 / Accepted: 16 June 2026 / Published: 18 June 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abiotic and Biotic Stress of the Crops and Horticultural Plants, 2nd Edition)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Orchid plants, due to their high aesthetic qualities of large inflorescences, long flowering period, and ease of care, have high commercial potential; however, when grown industrially in factories, they are susceptible to infectious diseases. In this study, we isolated from Phalaenopsis spp. plants epiphytic, rhizospheric, and endophytic bacteria associated with soft rot symptoms. Twenty-nine isolates exhibiting pectolytic activity were identified as strains of the genera Bacillus, Klebsiella, Microbacterium, Paenibacillus, Paracidovorax, Pseudomonas, and Psychrobacillus based on 16S rRNA analysis. These isolates were tested for their ability to produce cellulase, amylase, sucrase, proteinase, and lipase; to form biofilms; and to exhibit motility (swimming and swarming). Potato microplants under in vitro conditions were used as a model object for initial screening of the strains’ potential phytotoxicity. Most strains were shown to inhibit plant growth, particularly root development. Injection of suspensions of these strains into orchid leaves caused symptoms of soft rot. Thus, we isolated Gram-positive bacteria for the first time from orchid tissues with soft rot symptoms and demonstrated an association of these strains with plant tissue maceration in potato and orchids. Gram-positive bacteria with pectolytic activity are not typical pathogens of orchid soft rot and may require changes in approaches to the monitoring of phytopathogens for this group of plants.
Keywords: Phalaenopsis; soft rot; pectolytic activity; biofilm; swimming; swarming; potential phytotoxicity Phalaenopsis; soft rot; pectolytic activity; biofilm; swimming; swarming; potential phytotoxicity

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bychkova, A.A.; Desneva, X.D.; Filippova, M.M.; Sokolov, M.N.; Kushpetiuk, D.Y.; Makeeva, N.A.; Balabanova, J.A.; Burygin, G.L.; Zaitseva, Y.V. Taxonomy Identification and Phytotoxic Activities of Pectolytic Bacteria Isolated from Diseased Plants of Phalaenopsis Blume (Orchidaceae). Plants 2026, 15, 1901. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15121901

AMA Style

Bychkova AA, Desneva XD, Filippova MM, Sokolov MN, Kushpetiuk DY, Makeeva NA, Balabanova JA, Burygin GL, Zaitseva YV. Taxonomy Identification and Phytotoxic Activities of Pectolytic Bacteria Isolated from Diseased Plants of Phalaenopsis Blume (Orchidaceae). Plants. 2026; 15(12):1901. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15121901

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bychkova, Anastasiya A., Xenia D. Desneva, Milana M. Filippova, Maksim N. Sokolov, Denis Y. Kushpetiuk, Natalia A. Makeeva, Julia A. Balabanova, Gennady L. Burygin, and Yuliya V. Zaitseva. 2026. "Taxonomy Identification and Phytotoxic Activities of Pectolytic Bacteria Isolated from Diseased Plants of Phalaenopsis Blume (Orchidaceae)" Plants 15, no. 12: 1901. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15121901

APA Style

Bychkova, A. A., Desneva, X. D., Filippova, M. M., Sokolov, M. N., Kushpetiuk, D. Y., Makeeva, N. A., Balabanova, J. A., Burygin, G. L., & Zaitseva, Y. V. (2026). Taxonomy Identification and Phytotoxic Activities of Pectolytic Bacteria Isolated from Diseased Plants of Phalaenopsis Blume (Orchidaceae). Plants, 15(12), 1901. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15121901

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