SMS2, a Novel Allele of OsINV3, Regulates Grain Size in Rice

Huang, Jianzhi; Zhou, Zelong; Wang, Ying; Yang, Jing; Wang, Xinyue; Tang, Yijun; Xu, Ran; Li, Yunhai; Wu, Lian

doi:10.3390/plants13091219

Open AccessArticle

SMS2, a Novel Allele of OsINV3, Regulates Grain Size in Rice

by

Jianzhi Huang

^1,†,

Zelong Zhou

^1,†,

Ying Wang

¹,

Jing Yang

¹,

Xinyue Wang

¹,

Yijun Tang

²,

Ran Xu

¹,

Yunhai Li

³ and

Lian Wu

^1,*

¹

School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China

²

Department of Resources and Environment, Zunyi Normal College, Ping An Avenue, Xinpu New District, Zunyi 563006, China

³

State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Plants 2024, 13(9), 1219; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091219

Submission received: 24 January 2024 / Revised: 21 April 2024 / Accepted: 24 April 2024 / Published: 28 April 2024

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Regulation of Rice Development)

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Abstract

Grain size has an important effect on rice yield. Although several key genes that regulate seed size have been reported in rice, their molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, a rice small grain size 2 (sms2) mutant was identified, and MutMap resequencing analysis results showed that a 2 bp insertion in the second exon of the LOC_Os02g01590 gene resulted in a grain length and width lower than those of the wild-type Teqing (TQ). We found that SMS2 encoded vacuolar acid invertase, a novel allele of OsINV3, which regulates grain size. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that SMS2 was involved in endoplasmic reticulum protein synthesis, cysteine and methionine metabolism, and propionic acid metabolism, thereby regulating grain size. An analysis of sugar content in young panicles showed that SMS2 reduced sucrose, fructose, and starch contents, thus regulating grain size. A haplotype analysis showed that Hap2 of SMS2 had a longer grain and was widely present in indica rice varieties. Our results provide a new theoretical basis for the molecular and physiological mechanisms by which SMS2 regulates grain size.

Keywords: grain size; yield; rice; SMS2; OsINV3

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MDPI and ACS Style

Huang, J.; Zhou, Z.; Wang, Y.; Yang, J.; Wang, X.; Tang, Y.; Xu, R.; Li, Y.; Wu, L. SMS2, a Novel Allele of OsINV3, Regulates Grain Size in Rice. Plants 2024, 13, 1219. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091219

AMA Style

Huang J, Zhou Z, Wang Y, Yang J, Wang X, Tang Y, Xu R, Li Y, Wu L. SMS2, a Novel Allele of OsINV3, Regulates Grain Size in Rice. Plants. 2024; 13(9):1219. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091219

Chicago/Turabian Style

Huang, Jianzhi, Zelong Zhou, Ying Wang, Jing Yang, Xinyue Wang, Yijun Tang, Ran Xu, Yunhai Li, and Lian Wu. 2024. "SMS2, a Novel Allele of OsINV3, Regulates Grain Size in Rice" Plants 13, no. 9: 1219. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091219

APA Style

Huang, J., Zhou, Z., Wang, Y., Yang, J., Wang, X., Tang, Y., Xu, R., Li, Y., & Wu, L. (2024). SMS2, a Novel Allele of OsINV3, Regulates Grain Size in Rice. Plants, 13(9), 1219. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091219

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SMS2, a Novel Allele of OsINV3, Regulates Grain Size in Rice

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