The Role of Nanoparticles in Response of Plants to Abiotic Stress at Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Levels
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Absorption and Translocation of Nanofertilizers or Nanoparticles by Plants
3. Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Agriculture
4. Nanoparticles in Genetic Engineering of Plants
5. Nanoparticles in Abiotic Stress Management
5.1. Nanoparticles in Salt-Stress Tolerance
5.2. Nanoparticles in Drought-Stress Tolerance
5.3. Nanoparticles in Cold-Stress Tolerance
5.4. Nanoparticles in Heavy-Metal-Stress Tolerance
5.5. Nanoparticles in Flooding-Stress Tolerance
5.6. Nanoparticles in Heat-Stress Tolerance
6. Response of Plants to Nanoparticles under Abiotic Stress
6.1. Morphological Changes under the Influence of Nanoparticles
6.2. Anatomical Changes under the Influence of Nanoparticles
6.3. Physiological Changes under the Influence of Nanoparticles
6.4. Major Biochemical Changes to Tolerate Abiotic Stress
6.5. Antioxidant Response
6.6. Molecular and Signaling Response
6.6.1. Salt Stress
Stress | Plant Studied | Nano Particle Used | Plant Response | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Salinity and osmotic stress | Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. | Ag, Si | ABA upregulation and its dependent stress alleviation by NCED3, TAS14 and SnRK2 upregulation; osmoregulation and oxidative stress alleviation by AREB1-mediated P5CS1 overexpression and proline biosynthesis; SOS, ROS and MAPK-signaling activation | [158] |
Drought stress | Arabidopsis thaliana L. | TiO2, Ag, MWCNTs | Noncoding RNA-mediated translational repression of physiological target genes | [172] |
Flood stress | Glycine max (L.) Merr | Ag, Al2O3 | Protein, lipid and energy metabolism perturbation by PAB2 and BKR1 upregulation and PDC downregulation, respectively, and antioxidant defense by glyoxalase II 3 downregulation | [77] |
Cold stress | Cicer arietinum L. | TiO2 | Upregulation of RUBISCO and PEPC to increase photosynthesis and reduce electrolyte leakage index | [63] |
6.6.2. Drought Stress
6.6.3. Flood Stress
6.6.4. Cold Stress
6.6.5. Heat Stress
6.6.6. Heavy Metal Stress
7. The Drawbacks of Using Nanoparticles in Plants
8. Conclusions and Prospects
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Stress | Plant | Nanoparticles | Morphological Changes under the Influence of Nanoparticles | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Drought | Brassica napus L. | Fe | Increased biomass production and leaf growth | [91] |
Salt | Dracocephalum moldavica L. | Ti | Increased plant height | [90] |
Flood | Glycine max (L.) Merr | Al2O3 | Enhanced seedling weight and root length | [77] |
Salt | Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench | Zn | Improved shoot length and root length | [92] |
Heat | Triticum aestivum L. | Ag | Improved plant growth, root and shoot length, dry weight and fresh weight | [84] |
High temperature | Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench | Se | Increased pollen germination | [83] |
Drought | Triticum aestivum L. | Se | Improved shoot and root length, leaf area and leaf number | [93] |
Salt | Moringa oleifera Lam. | Fe3O4 | Improved plant growth, number of branches, leaf area and biomass | [93] |
Drought | Oryza sativa L. | ZnO | Increased plant height, fresh weight and dry weight | [94] |
Drought | Linum usitatissimum L. | Fe2O3 | Enhanced growth parameters, such as shoot and root length and seed yield | [95] |
Salt | Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. | Si | Retained fruit quality and size | [96] |
Cadmium and drought stress | Triticum aestivum L. | Fe | Improved photosynthesis and yield | [97] |
Stress | Plant | Nanoparticle | Physiological Response of Plants under the Influence of Nanoparticles | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Heavy metal (lead) | Coriandrum sativum L. | Si | Reduced MDA | [110] |
Drought | Linum usitatissimum L. | Ti | Reduced chlorophyll damage, electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation and H2O2 accumulation | [111] |
Drought | Brassica napus L. | Fe | Reduced MDA production | [91] |
Salt | Dracocephalumm oldavica L. | Ti | Enhanced nutrient uptake | [90] |
Salt | Medicago sativa L. | K2SO4 | Reduced electrolyte leakage | [49] |
Salt | Moringa oleifera Lam. | Fe3O4 | Improved photosynthesis and decreased lipid peroxidation | [93] |
Salt | Triticum aestivum L. | Au | Improved nitrogen metabolism | [112] |
Salt | Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench | Zn | Enhanced photosynthetic pigments | [113] |
Drought | Linum usitatissimum L. | Fe2O3 | Reduced MDA and H2O2 accumulation | [95] |
Drought | Oryza sativa L. | ZnO | Decreased lipid peroxidation | [94] |
As stress | Hordeum vulgare L. | CaO | Enhanced Ca uptake, reduced As uptake and accumulation | [114] |
Stress | Plant | Nanoparticles | Biochemical Changes | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Drought | Linum usitatissimum L. | Ti | Improved protein and seed oil production | [111] |
Drought | Oryza sativa L. | ZnO | Enhanced proline content | [94] |
Salt | Pennisetum gluacum (L.) R.Br. | Ag | Proline, ROS and MDA reduced | [50] |
Salt | Medicago sativa L. | K2SO4 | Increased proline content | [49] |
Salt | Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. | Si | Improved chlorophyll and phenol contents | [96] |
Salt | Moringa oleifera Lam. | Fe3O4 | Increased crude protein, fiber and minerals | [93] |
As stress | Oryza sativa L. | Fe | Enhanced accumulation of proline, glutathione and phytochelation | [12] |
Salt | Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench | Zn | Reduced proline content | [113] |
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Al-Khayri, J.M.; Rashmi, R.; Surya Ulhas, R.; Sudheer, W.N.; Banadka, A.; Nagella, P.; Aldaej, M.I.; Rezk, A.A.-S.; Shehata, W.F.; Almaghasla, M.I. The Role of Nanoparticles in Response of Plants to Abiotic Stress at Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Levels. Plants 2023, 12, 292. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020292
Al-Khayri JM, Rashmi R, Surya Ulhas R, Sudheer WN, Banadka A, Nagella P, Aldaej MI, Rezk AA-S, Shehata WF, Almaghasla MI. The Role of Nanoparticles in Response of Plants to Abiotic Stress at Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Levels. Plants. 2023; 12(2):292. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020292
Chicago/Turabian StyleAl-Khayri, Jameel Mohammed, Ramakrishnan Rashmi, Rutwick Surya Ulhas, Wudali N. Sudheer, Akshatha Banadka, Praveen Nagella, Mohammed Ibrahim Aldaej, Adel Abdel-Sabour Rezk, Wael Fathi Shehata, and Mustafa Ibrahim Almaghasla. 2023. "The Role of Nanoparticles in Response of Plants to Abiotic Stress at Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Levels" Plants 12, no. 2: 292. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12020292