On Wi-Fi Model Optimizations for Smartphone-Based Indoor Localization
1
Faculty of Computer Science and Business Information Systems, University of Applied Sciences Würzburg-Schweinfurt, Würzburg 97074, Germany
2
Pattern Recognition Group, University of Siegen, Siegen 57076, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2017, 6(8), 233; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi6080233
Received: 29 June 2017 / Revised: 22 July 2017 / Accepted: 2 August 2017 / Published: 4 August 2017
(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Indoor Modelling and Navigation)
Indoor localization and indoor pedestrian navigation is an active field of research with increasing attention. As of today, many systems will run on commercial smartphones, but most of them still rely on fingerprinting, which demands high setup and maintenance times. Alternatives, such as simple signal strength prediction models, provide fast setup times, but often do not provide the accuracy required for use cases like indoor navigation or location-based services. While more complex models provide an increased accuracy by including architectural knowledge about walls and other obstacles, they often require additional computation during runtime and demand prior knowledge during setup. Within this work, we will thus focus on simple, easy to set up models and evaluate their performance compared to real-world measurements. The evaluation ranges from a fully-empiric, instant setup, given that the transmitter locations are well known, to a highly optimized scenario based on some reference measurements within the building. Furthermore, we will propose a new signal strength prediction model as a combination of several simple ones. This tradeoff increases accuracy with only minor additional computations. All of the optimized models are evaluated within an actual smartphone-based indoor localization system. This system uses the phone’s Wi-Fi, barometer and IMU to infer the pedestrian’s current location via recursive density estimation based on particle filtering. We will show that while a 100% empiric parameter choice for the model already provides enough accuracy for many use cases, a small number of reference measurements is enough to dramatically increase such a system’s performance.
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Keywords:
indoor localization; smartphones;Wi-Fi; IMU; sensor fusion; optimization
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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
MDPI and ACS Style
Ebner, F.; Fetzer, T.; Deinzer, F.; Grzegorzek, M. On Wi-Fi Model Optimizations for Smartphone-Based Indoor Localization. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2017, 6, 233.
AMA Style
Ebner F, Fetzer T, Deinzer F, Grzegorzek M. On Wi-Fi Model Optimizations for Smartphone-Based Indoor Localization. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2017; 6(8):233.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEbner, Frank; Fetzer, Toni; Deinzer, Frank; Grzegorzek, Marcin. 2017. "On Wi-Fi Model Optimizations for Smartphone-Based Indoor Localization" ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 6, no. 8: 233.
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