A Spatio-Temporal VGI Model Considering Trust-Related Information
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Related Work
2.1. Spatio-Temporal Data Model
2.2. Evaluation of VGI Quality
2.3. VGI Data Organization
3. Characteristics of VGI Data Organization
3.1. VGI States, Versions and Events
3.2. VGI Trust and Reputation
4. Spatio-Temporal Model Incorporating Trust-Related Information
5. Trust-Related Operations and Their Linkage Relationships
5.1. Trust-Related Operations
Trust-Related Operations | Class | Description |
---|---|---|
add/updateInitRep(initRep) | InitRep | Adding/updating an initial reputation. Parameter initRep refers to an InitRep object. |
getInitRep(c) | InitRep | Querying a contributor’s initial reputation. Parameter c is a contributor (user id is c). |
validateUserInfo(c, email/Phone/..) | InitRep | Validating user (user id is c) information (e.g., email, phone number, etc.) and triggering the operation InitRep. updateInitRep() for updating user initial reputation. |
getUEP(c) | UserExpRep | Querying a contributor’s assessment reputation (user id is c). |
updateUEP(c) | UserExpRep | Updating a contributor’s assessment reputation (user id is c). |
addReputation(reputation) | Reputation | Adding a user’s reputation information. The reputation parameter represents a REP object. |
updateReputation(c, Value) | Reputation | Updating a user’s reputation value (user id is c) to Value. A Value parameter can be computed based on data obtained from InitRep. getInitRep() and UserExpRep. getAssess() operations. |
getReputation(c) | Reputation | Querying a user’s reputation value (user id is c). |
computeTrust(vi) | Trust | Computing the trust degree of an object version (vi). The trust degree can be determined based on a contributor’s reputation and the editing process involved. |
updateTrust(vi, Value) | Trust | Updating the trust degree of the object version (vi) to Value. Value can be determined based on human-computer interactions or can be the computed result of the Trust.computeTrust() function. |
getTrust(vi) | Trust | Querying the trust degree of an object version (vi). |
5.2. Linkage Rules of Trust-Related Operations
5.2.1. Linkage Operations of Contributor Reputations
- (1)
- When a user is added to a VGI system and validates his/her registration information, an IR object and REP object should be added.
- (2)
- When a user’s registration information changes, his/her initial reputation and user reputation should be updated.
- (3)
- When a user is assessed by another user, his/her assessment reputation and user reputation should also be updated.
- (4)
- If some user assessments are undone, his/her assessment reputation and user reputation should be updated.
5.2.2. Linkage Operations of Adding an Object Version
6. Experiment and Analysis
7. Conclusion and Discussion
- (1)
- Information on all versions of feature states that volunteers have added to the VGI model must be recorded. Information on a version should include contributor, geometry feature, attributes, generation time, etc. Information can be stored explicitly or implicitly.
- (2)
- Systems should store registration information on volunteers. This information is key for computing a contributor’s initial reputation. When it has not been recorded, initial reputations cannot be calculated, and the accuracy of user reputations is affected (especially when contributors have made few assessments).
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Zhao, Y.; Zhou, X.; Li, G.; Xing, H. A Spatio-Temporal VGI Model Considering Trust-Related Information. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2016, 5, 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi5020010
Zhao Y, Zhou X, Li G, Xing H. A Spatio-Temporal VGI Model Considering Trust-Related Information. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 2016; 5(2):10. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi5020010
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhao, Yijiang, Xiaoguang Zhou, Guangqiang Li, and Hanfa Xing. 2016. "A Spatio-Temporal VGI Model Considering Trust-Related Information" ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 5, no. 2: 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi5020010