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Biomolecules
Volume 13
Issue 11
10.3390/biom13111625
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Systematic Review

The Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Prognostic Relevance of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Polytrauma

by
Emily Rogers
1,†,
Shevani Pothugunta
1,†,
Veronika Kosmider
1,
Natasha Stokes
1,
Layla Bonomini
1,
Gabrielle D. Briggs
2,3,
Daniel P. Lewis
2,4 and
Zsolt J. Balogh
2,3,4,*
1
School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
2
Discipline of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
3
Injury and Trauma Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
4
Department of Traumatology, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Biomolecules 2023, 13(11), 1625; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13111625
Submission received: 3 August 2023 / Revised: 2 November 2023 / Accepted: 2 November 2023 / Published: 7 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Physiology and Pathophysiology of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps)
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Abstract

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) represent a recently discovered polymorphonuclear leukocyte-associated ancient defence mechanism, and they have also been identified as part of polytrauma patients’ sterile inflammatory response. This systematic review aimed to determine the clinical significance of NETs in polytrauma, focusing on potential prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic relevance. The methodology covered all major databases and all study types, but was restricted to polytraumatised humans. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria, reporting on 1967 patients. Ten samples were taken from plasma and four from whole blood. There was no standardisation of methodology of NET detection among plasma studies; however, of all the papers that included a healthy control NET, proxies were increased. Polytrauma patients were consistently reported to have higher concentrations of NET markers in peripheral blood than those in healthy controls, but their diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic utility is equivocal due to the diverse study population and methodology. After 20 years since the discovery of NETs, their natural history and potential clinical utility in polytrauma is undetermined, requiring further standardisation and research.
Keywords: trauma; polytrauma; neutrophil extracellular traps; NET; traumatic shock; trauma centre; mitochondrial DNA; Damage associated molecular patterns; DAMPs trauma; polytrauma; neutrophil extracellular traps; NET; traumatic shock; trauma centre; mitochondrial DNA; Damage associated molecular patterns; DAMPs

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MDPI and ACS Style

Rogers, E.; Pothugunta, S.; Kosmider, V.; Stokes, N.; Bonomini, L.; Briggs, G.D.; Lewis, D.P.; Balogh, Z.J. The Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Prognostic Relevance of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Polytrauma. Biomolecules 2023, 13, 1625. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13111625

AMA Style

Rogers E, Pothugunta S, Kosmider V, Stokes N, Bonomini L, Briggs GD, Lewis DP, Balogh ZJ. The Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Prognostic Relevance of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Polytrauma. Biomolecules. 2023; 13(11):1625. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13111625

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rogers, Emily, Shevani Pothugunta, Veronika Kosmider, Natasha Stokes, Layla Bonomini, Gabrielle D. Briggs, Daniel P. Lewis, and Zsolt J. Balogh. 2023. "The Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Prognostic Relevance of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Polytrauma" Biomolecules 13, no. 11: 1625. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13111625

APA Style

Rogers, E., Pothugunta, S., Kosmider, V., Stokes, N., Bonomini, L., Briggs, G. D., Lewis, D. P., & Balogh, Z. J. (2023). The Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Prognostic Relevance of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Polytrauma. Biomolecules, 13(11), 1625. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13111625

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