Next Article in Journal
Blood Concentrations of Folic Acid and Homocysteine Are Associated with Treatment-Resistant Depression Among Female Depressed Patients
Previous Article in Journal
Characterization of a Thermophilic and Acidophilic GH78 α-L-Rhamnosidase from Thermotoga sp. 2812B Capable of Efficiently Hydrolyzing a Variety of Natural Flavonoid Diglycosides
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Biomolecules
Volume 16
Issue 1
10.3390/biom16010069
biomolecules-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Ethylene-Mediated VvERF003 Promotes Flavonol Accumulation by Upregulating VvFLS1 and VvCHI1 in ‘Chardonnay’ Grape Berry Skin

by
Jinjun Liang
†,
Meijie Wang
†,
Yijun Wu
,
Chongxin Yang
,
Hui Shang
,
Pengfei Zhang
and
Pengfei Wen
*
College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Biomolecules 2026, 16(1), 69; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16010069
Submission received: 19 November 2025 / Revised: 6 December 2025 / Accepted: 7 December 2025 / Published: 1 January 2026
(This article belongs to the Topic Bioactive Compounds in Horticultural Plants and Their Applications)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

Flavonols are an important secondary metabolite in grape, which play a crucial role in plant growth and development, human health, and wine making. Ethylene and its inhibitor 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) are widely used in grape berry production. However, the regulation mechanism of flavonol biosynthesis by ethylene and 1-MCP remains elusive in yellow-green grape varieties. Here, the content of flavonols in ‘Chardonnay’ grape berry skin after ethylene treatment was significantly higher than the control, while 1-MCP treatment was lower than the control. The phenylpropanoid biosynthesis-related genes and a transcription factor VvERF003 were screened for possible involvement in ethylene-mediated flavonol biosynthesis by transcriptome sequencing. The role of VvERF003 was further proved to promote flavonol accumulation in the transient overexpression of grape fruits and leaves, and the upregulation of genes related to flavonol biosynthesis. Furthermore, VvERF003 promoted flavonol biosynthesis by directly binding to and activating the promoters of VvCHI1 and VvFLS1, and positively regulated their expression. These results indicated that VvERF003 was induced by ethylene and promoted the accumulation of flavonols in ‘Chardonnay’ grape berry skin by positively regulating the flavonol biosynthesis genes VvCHI1 and VvFLS1.
Keywords: grape; flavonols biosynthesis; ethylene; 1-MCP; VvERF003 grape; flavonols biosynthesis; ethylene; 1-MCP; VvERF003

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Liang, J.; Wang, M.; Wu, Y.; Yang, C.; Shang, H.; Zhang, P.; Wen, P. Ethylene-Mediated VvERF003 Promotes Flavonol Accumulation by Upregulating VvFLS1 and VvCHI1 in ‘Chardonnay’ Grape Berry Skin. Biomolecules 2026, 16, 69. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16010069

AMA Style

Liang J, Wang M, Wu Y, Yang C, Shang H, Zhang P, Wen P. Ethylene-Mediated VvERF003 Promotes Flavonol Accumulation by Upregulating VvFLS1 and VvCHI1 in ‘Chardonnay’ Grape Berry Skin. Biomolecules. 2026; 16(1):69. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16010069

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liang, Jinjun, Meijie Wang, Yijun Wu, Chongxin Yang, Hui Shang, Pengfei Zhang, and Pengfei Wen. 2026. "Ethylene-Mediated VvERF003 Promotes Flavonol Accumulation by Upregulating VvFLS1 and VvCHI1 in ‘Chardonnay’ Grape Berry Skin" Biomolecules 16, no. 1: 69. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16010069

APA Style

Liang, J., Wang, M., Wu, Y., Yang, C., Shang, H., Zhang, P., & Wen, P. (2026). Ethylene-Mediated VvERF003 Promotes Flavonol Accumulation by Upregulating VvFLS1 and VvCHI1 in ‘Chardonnay’ Grape Berry Skin. Biomolecules, 16(1), 69. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16010069

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop