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Review

Dark Matter Searches Using NaI(Tl) at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory: Past, Present and Future

by
Julio Amaré
1,2,
Susana Cebrián
1,2,
David Cintas
1,2,
Iván Coarasa
1,2,
Clara Cuesta
3,
Eduardo García
1,2,
María Martínez
1,2,4,
Ángel Morales
†,
Julio Morales
†,
Miguel Ángel Oliván
5,
Ysrael Ortigoza
1,2,
Alfonso Ortiz de Solórzano
1,2,
Tamara Pardo
1,2,
Carlos Pobes
6,
Jorge Puimedón
1,2,
Ana Salinas
1,2,
María Luisa Sarsa
1,2,*,
José Ángel Villar
† and
Patricia Villar
1,2
1
Centro de Astropartículas y Física de Altas Energías (CAPA), Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
2
Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc, Paseo de los Ayerbe, 22880 Canfranc Estación, Spain
3
Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas y Medioambientales (CIEMAT), Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
4
Fundación ARAID, Avenida de Ranillas 1D, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
5
Fundación CIRCE, Avenida de Ranillas 3D, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
6
Instituto de Nanociencia y Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Deceased.
Universe 2022, 8(2), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8020075
Submission received: 17 December 2021 / Revised: 18 January 2022 / Accepted: 18 January 2022 / Published: 27 January 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Studying the Universe from Spain)
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Abstract

Sodium Iodide Thallium doped (NaI(Tl)) scintillation detectors have been applied to the direct searches for dark matter since the 1980s and have produced one of the most challenging results in the field—the observation by the DAMA/LIBRA collaboration of an annual modulation in the detection rate for more than twenty cycles. This result is very difficult to reconcile with negative results derived from other experiments using a large variety of target materials and detection techniques. However, it has been neither confirmed nor refuted in a model independent way up to the present. Such a model independent test of the DAMA/LIBRA result is the goal of the ANAIS-112 experiment, presently in the data taking phase at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory in Spain. ANAIS-112 design and operation leans on the expertise acquired at the University of Zaragoza in direct searches for Dark Matter particles using different targets and techniques and in particular using NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors for about thirty years, which are reviewed in the first section of this manuscript. In addition to presenting the status and more recent results of the ANAIS-112 experiment, open research lines, continuing this effort, will be presented.
Keywords: dark matter; NaI(Tl) scintillators; annual modulation; DAMA/LIBRA puzzle; Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc dark matter; NaI(Tl) scintillators; annual modulation; DAMA/LIBRA puzzle; Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc

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MDPI and ACS Style

Amaré, J.; Cebrián, S.; Cintas, D.; Coarasa, I.; Cuesta, C.; García, E.; Martínez, M.; Morales, Á.; Morales, J.; Oliván, M.Á.; et al. Dark Matter Searches Using NaI(Tl) at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory: Past, Present and Future. Universe 2022, 8, 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8020075

AMA Style

Amaré J, Cebrián S, Cintas D, Coarasa I, Cuesta C, García E, Martínez M, Morales Á, Morales J, Oliván MÁ, et al. Dark Matter Searches Using NaI(Tl) at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory: Past, Present and Future. Universe. 2022; 8(2):75. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8020075

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amaré, Julio, Susana Cebrián, David Cintas, Iván Coarasa, Clara Cuesta, Eduardo García, María Martínez, Ángel Morales, Julio Morales, Miguel Ángel Oliván, and et al. 2022. "Dark Matter Searches Using NaI(Tl) at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory: Past, Present and Future" Universe 8, no. 2: 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8020075

APA Style

Amaré, J., Cebrián, S., Cintas, D., Coarasa, I., Cuesta, C., García, E., Martínez, M., Morales, Á., Morales, J., Oliván, M. Á., Ortigoza, Y., de Solórzano, A. O., Pardo, T., Pobes, C., Puimedón, J., Salinas, A., Sarsa, M. L., Villar, J. Á., & Villar, P. (2022). Dark Matter Searches Using NaI(Tl) at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory: Past, Present and Future. Universe, 8(2), 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8020075

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