Direct Infusion Based Metabolomics Identifies Metabolic Disease in Patients’ Dried Blood Spots and Plasma

Section Metabolic Diagnostics, Department of Genetics, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands

Section Metabolic Diseases, Department of Child Health, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands

Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this article.

Metabolites 2019, 9(1), 12; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo9010012

Received: 19 December 2018 / Revised: 4 January 2019 / Accepted: 8 January 2019 / Published: 11 January 2019

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Abstract

In metabolic diagnostics, there is an emerging need for a comprehensive test to acquire a complete view of metabolite status. Here, we describe a non-quantitative direct-infusion high-resolution mass spectrometry (DI-HRMS) based metabolomics method and evaluate the method for both dried blood spots (DBS) and plasma. 110 DBS of 42 patients harboring 23 different inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) and 86 plasma samples of 38 patients harboring 21 different IEM were analyzed using DI-HRMS. A peak calling pipeline developed in R programming language provided Z-scores for ~1875 mass peaks corresponding to ~3835 metabolite annotations (including isomers) per sample. Based on metabolite Z-scores, patients were assigned a ‘most probable diagnosis’ by an investigator blinded for the known diagnoses of the patients. Based on DBS sample analysis, 37/42 of the patients, corresponding to 22/23 IEM, could be correctly assigned a ‘most probable diagnosis’. Plasma sample analysis, resulted in a correct ‘most probable diagnosis’ in 32/38 of the patients, corresponding to 19/21 IEM. The added clinical value of the method was illustrated by a case wherein DI-HRMS metabolomics aided interpretation of a variant of unknown significance (VUS) identified by whole-exome sequencing. In summary, non-quantitative DI-HRMS metabolomics in DBS and plasma is a very consistent, high-throughput and nonselective method for investigating the metabolome in genetic disease. View Full-Text

Keywords: metabolomics; inborn errors of metabolism; direct-infusion mass spectrometry; IEM; DIMS

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MDPI and ACS Style

Haijes, H.A.; Willemsen, M.; Van der Ham, M.; Gerrits, J.; Pras-Raves, M.L.; Prinsen, H.C.M.T.; Van Hasselt, P.M.; De Sain-van der Velden, M.G.M.; Verhoeven-Duif, N.M.; Jans, J.J.M. Direct Infusion Based Metabolomics Identifies Metabolic Disease in Patients’ Dried Blood Spots and Plasma. Metabolites 2019, 9, 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo9010012

AMA Style

Haijes HA, Willemsen M, Van der Ham M, Gerrits J, Pras-Raves ML, Prinsen HCMT, Van Hasselt PM, De Sain-van der Velden MGM, Verhoeven-Duif NM, Jans JJM. Direct Infusion Based Metabolomics Identifies Metabolic Disease in Patients’ Dried Blood Spots and Plasma. Metabolites. 2019; 9(1):12. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo9010012

Chicago/Turabian Style

Haijes, Hanneke A., Marcel Willemsen, Maria Van der Ham, Johan Gerrits, Mia L. Pras-Raves, Hubertus C.M.T. Prinsen, Peter M. Van Hasselt, Monique G.M. De Sain-van der Velden, Nanda M. Verhoeven-Duif, and Judith J.M. Jans 2019. "Direct Infusion Based Metabolomics Identifies Metabolic Disease in Patients’ Dried Blood Spots and Plasma" Metabolites 9, no. 1: 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo9010012

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Direct Infusion Based Metabolomics Identifies Metabolic Disease in Patients’ Dried Blood Spots and Plasma

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