Melatonin Supplementation Alters Maternal and Fetal Amino Acid Concentrations and Placental Nutrient Transporters in a Nutrient Restriction Bovine Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals and Experimental Design
2.2. Blood Parameters
2.3. Placentome Collection and Separation
2.4. Gene Expression
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Plasma Amino Acids
3.2. Placenta Transcript Abundance
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene | Function | Assay ID | Accession | Amplicon | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SLC2A8 | Glucose and fructose transport | Bt03217733_m1 | NP_963286 | 80 | |
SLC43A2 | Sodium independent amino acid transport | Bt03246452_m1 | NP_001069014.1 | 94 | |
SLC7A5 | Large neutral amino acid transport | Bt03215392_m1 | NP_777038.1 | 64 | |
SLC7A8 | Large neutral amino acid transport | Bt04312788_m1 | NP_001179818.1 | 66 | |
SLC38A10 | Sodium dependent amino acid transport | Bt03267849_m1 | BC153282 | 56 | |
SLC38A2 | System A amino acid transport | Bt03255119_m1 | NP_001075893.1 | 67 | |
RPL19 | Reference gene | Bt03229687_g1 | NP_001035606.1 | 82 | |
SF3A1 | Reference gene | Bt03254301_m1 | NP_001074979.1 | 60 |
Fall Trial | p-Value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal Plasma | ADQ-CON | RES-CON | ADQ-MEL | RES-MEL | NUT | TRT | NUT*TRT |
System A | 512.03 ± 28.96 c | 1040.38 ± 166.26 a | 685.55 ± 122.33 b | 514.80 ± 68.89 b | - | - | <0.01 |
System Br | 431.58 ± 32.82 | 383.23 ± 37.62 | 461.19 ± 34.67 | 461.59 ± 30.56 | 0.62 | 0.07 | 0.38 |
System Bo | 540.01 ± 35.26 | 44.88 ± 41.08 | 580.98 ± 37.86 | 592.64 ± 32.98 | 0.87 | 0.16 | 0.91 |
System N | 342.97 ± 37.54 b | 710.26 ± 115.26 a | 468.48 ± 81.27 ab | 338.95 ± 66.97 b | - | - | <0.01 |
Cationic | 107.41 ± 9.66 ab | 132.37 ± 9.82 ab | 133.72 ± 9.93 a | 106.32 ± 8.97 b | - | - | 0.01 |
Anion | 76.72 ± 2.58 c | 244.38 ± 63.22 a | 107.68 ± 17.07 ab | 90.01 ± 32.37 bc | - | - | <0.01 |
Total | 1883.94 ± 49.14 b | 2676.84 ± 271.37 a | 2165.16 ± 189.28 ab | 1897.11 ± 134.93 b | - | - | 0.01 |
Essential | 649.61 ± 32.86 | 620.72 ± 32.86 | 715.21 ± 32.86 | 661.74 ± 30.66 | 0.21 | 0.11 | 0.71 |
Fetal Plasma | |||||||
System A | 1229.16 ± 137.88 | 1206.54 ± 137.88 | 1348.55 ± 137.88 | 1235.97 ± 128.66 | 0.62 | 0.59 | 0.74 |
System Br | 363.87 ± 29.54 | 352.72 ± 30.34 | 344.12 ± 31.57 | 348.76 ± 27.94 | 0.92 | 0.69 | 0.79 |
System Bo | 43.90 ± 54.90 | 510.92 ± 63.97 | 536.58 ± 58.95 | 518.16 ± 51.36 | 0.01 | 0.60 | 0.88 |
System N | 770.52 ± 127.05 | 752.38 ± 127.05 | 883.46 ± 127.05 | 792.39 ± 118.55 | 0.67 | 0.55 | 0.77 |
Cationic | 135.04 ± 13.56 | 130.53 ± 13.39 | 148.40 ± 13.39 | 129.37 ± 12.67 | 0.38 | 0.66 | 0.59 |
Anion | 334.13 ± 43.75 | 256.46 ± 43.75 | 426.94 ± 43.75 | 385.70 ± 40.83 | 0.18 | 0.02 | 0.68 |
Total | 3058.75 ± 207.49 | 2835.00 ± 207.49 | 3293.79 ± 207.49 | 3016.63 ± 193.61 | 0.23 | 0.32 | 0.90 |
Essential | 634.49 ± 41.05 | 599.99 ± 42.17 | 615.92 ± 43.88 | 590.72 ± 38.83 | 0.50 | 0.74 | 0.91 |
Amnion | |||||||
System A | 145.84 ± 26.37 b | 364.57 ± 67.50 a | 481.58 ± 180.53 a | 258.89 ± 108.28 ab | - | - | 0.01 |
System Br | 34.43 ± 6.89 b | 256.31 ± 104.84 a | 215.38 ± 86.18 a | 38.25 ± 8.06 b | - | - | <0.01 |
System Bo | 67.16 ± 9.66 b | 338.88 ± 125.65 a | 301.57 ± 109.36 ab | 74.85 ± 11.96 b | - | - | 0.01 |
System N | 92.84 ± 12.88 b | 222.94 ± 49.27 ab | 290.22 ± 104.09 a | 145.94 ± 48.72 ab | - | - | 0.02 |
Cationic | 42.51 ± 3.70 | 89.64 ± 20.56 | 89.97 ± 21.96 | 48.66 ± 7.65 | - | - | 0.03 |
Anion | 42.64 ± 6.03 | 63.34 ± 10.56 | 54.22 ± 7.59 | 46.60 ± 7.08 | 0.12 | 0.38 | 0.10 |
Total | 525.96 ± 74.69 b | 1296.53 ± 279.26 ab | 1409.06 ± 386.44 a | 744.10 ± 230.51 ab | - | - | 0.02 |
Essential | 104.61 ± 13.72 b | 416.74 ± 144.12 a | 378.91 ± 126.68 a | 117.58 ± 23.33 b | - | - | 0.01 |
Summer Trial | p Value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal Plasma | ADQ-CON | RES-CON | ADQ-MEL | RES-MEL | NUT | TRT | NUT*TRT |
System A | 1020.97 ± 229.93 | 1076.96 ± 229.93 | 962.94 ± 229.93 | 859.07 ± 213.48 | 0.92 | 0.55 | 0.83 |
System Br | 436.57 ± 29.94 ab | 376.50 ± 26.88 b | 412.14 ± 33.13 ab | 496.68 ± 27.46 a | - | - | 0.02 |
System Bo | 596.56 ± 28.70 ab | 526.00 ± 28.62 b | 578.95 ± 34.49 ab | 645.74 ± 29.14 a | - | - | 0.03 |
System N | 781.29 ± 148.09 | 724.37 ± 148.12 | 693.30 ± 148.04 | 637.47 ± 135.69 | 0.70 | 0.55 | 0.99 |
Cationic | 107.23 ± 7.75 | 110.77 ± 9.80 | 133.75 ± 10.02 | 117.85 ± 10.39 | 0.59 | 0.09 | 0.45 |
Anion | 116.99 ± 27.26 | 146.28 ± 44.54 | 179.18 ± 52.34 | 96.39 ± 25.46 | 0.77 | 0.89 | 0.37 |
Total | 2481.94 ± 321.02 | 2525.55 ± 333.38 | 2753.47 ± 381.67 | 2146.38 ± 109.50 | 0.70 | 0.86 | 0.66 |
Essential | 780.96 ± 38.02 | 625.66 ± 36.86 | 767.78 ± 48.44 | 729.11 ± 47.84 | 0.76 | 0.11 | 0.07 |
Fetal Plasma | |||||||
System A | 1418.83 ± 111.75 | 1387.76 ± 264.42 | 1440.70 ± 113.34 | 1627.40 ± 55.52 | 0.21 | 0.56 | 0.53 |
System Br | 397.96 ± 25.89 | 296.81 ± 51.25 | 424.59 ± 26.73 | 367.26 ± 14.05 | 0.01 | 0.19 | 0.90 |
System Bo | 591.95 ± 31.54 | 473.28 ± 78.81 | 634.72 ± 37.87 | 544.50 ± 20.38 | 0.15 | 0.77 | 0.59 |
System N | 992.98 ± 123.99 | 957.46 ± 123.96 | 885.32 ± 128.04 | 1160.96 ± 117.25 | 0.14 | 0.47 | 0.06 |
Cationic | 77.54 ± 10.43 | 61.12 ± 6.96 | 81.90 ± 9.43 | 63.99 ± 7.37 | 0.64 | 0.71 | 0.75 |
Anion | 142.34 ± 19.36 | 129.18 ± 20.48 | 214.14 ± 20.46 | 196.44 ± 19.13 | 0.58 | 0.03 | 0.67 |
Total | 2298.56 ± 121.57 | 2122.10 ± 354.06 | 2397.82 ± 133.17 | 2479.26 ± 78.33 | 0.23 | 0.03 | 0.20 |
Essential | 687.99 ± 38.02 | 552.43 ± 87.25 | 712.19 ± 37.09 | 616.02 ± 12.43 | 0.02 | 0.25 | 0.83 |
Amnion | |||||||
System A | 524.93 ± 207.20 | 405.86 ± 60.36 | 355.05 ± 70.99 | 346.49 ± 89.86 | 0.80 | 0.22 | 0.84 |
System Br | 331.21 ± 117.82 | 324.11 ± 95.51 | 196.19 ± 69.17 | 184.90 ± 91.63 | 0.50 | 0.09 | 0.72 |
System Bo | 442.86 ± 146.00 | 420.16 ± 114.10 | 265.26 ± 83.17 | 247.35 ± 110.75 | 0.88 | 0.12 | 0.91 |
System N | 294.15 ± 62.41 | 271.20 ± 52.98 | 218.59 ± 58.60 | 192.71 ± 55.30 | 0.67 | 0.19 | 0.98 |
Cationic | 88.94 ± 14.20 | 85.73 ± 14.82 | 69.12 ± 10.52 | 93.47 ± 37.58 | 0.69 | 0.44 | 0.90 |
Anion | 75.42 ± 15.42 | 49.62 ± 6.06 | 46.43 ± 5.07 | 45.01 ± 5.28 | 0.02 | 0.34 | 0.79 |
Total | 1663.68 ± 341.91 | 1464.54 ± 290.30 | 1241.54 ± 314.54 | 1105.49 ± 299.78 | 0.60 | 0.22 | 0.92 |
Essential | 517.51 ± 155.41 | 499.11 ± 127.43 | 340.53 ± 91.07 | 328.29 ± 116.51 | 0.38 | 0.18 | 0.74 |
Fall Trial | p Value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Caruncle | ADQ-CON | RES-CON | ADQ-MEL | RES-MEL | NUT | TRT | NUT*TRT |
SLC2A8 | 0.6893 ± 0.0617 | 1.8826 ± 0.5294 | 0.8714 ± 0.2051 | 1.0438 ± 0.3087 | 0.66 | 0.31 | 0.47 |
SLC43A2 | 0.7092 ± 0.1151 | 0.9292 ± 0.2260 | 0.8478 ± 0.1176 | 1.8979 ± 0.3620 | 0.20 | 0.11 | 0.25 |
SLC7A5 | 0.7013 ± 0.0774 | 1.7454 ± 0.5591 | 0.9267 ± 0.1778 | 1.2461 ± 0.2370 | 0.05 | 0.45 | 0.36 |
SLC7A8 | 0.5305 ± 0.0709 | 0.5901 ± 0.1676 | 0.4050 ± 0.0725 | 0.5180 ± 0.0835 | 0.93 | 0.30 | 0.43 |
SLC38A10 | 0.8010 ± 0.0760 | 1.0314 ± 0.1567 | 0.7262 ± 0.1105 | 1.1865 ± 0.1796 | 0.03 | 0.83 | 0.33 |
SLC38A2 | 0.4988 ± 0.0956 | 0.8955 ± 0.2930 | 0.5765 ± 0.1260 | 0.6828 ± 0.1806 | 0.27 | 0.48 | 0.57 |
Cotyledon | |||||||
SLC2A8 | 1.8630 ± 0.6801 | 2.3565 ± 0.6405 | 1.2701 ± 0.2903 | 2.3602 ± 0.4184 | 0.03 | 0.95 | 0.66 |
SLC43A2 | 0.9689 ± 0.2186 | 0.8167 ± 0.1563 | 0.7372 ± 0.1087 | 0.7485 ± 0.1581 | 0.63 | 0.78 | 0.74 |
SLC7A5 | 1.3560 ± 0.1220 | 2.0552 ± 0.5263 | 2.0696 ± 0.6891 | 2.2455 ± 0.3947 | 0.50 | 0.35 | 0.82 |
SLC7A8 | 1.0845 ± 0.2258 | 1.1113 ± 0.3165 | 1.7406 ± 0.3958 | 1.4869 ± 0.2127 | 0.57 | 0.02 | 0.35 |
SLC38A10 | 1.2280 ± 0.1337 | 1.4432 ± 0.1348 | 1.3228 ± 0.1407 | 1.6269 ± 0.1280 | 0.09 | 0.31 | 0.74 |
SLC38A2 | 0.7596 ± 0.1300 | 1.2885 ± 0.4477 | 1.0832 ± 0.3403 | 1.1360 ± 0.1771 | 0.14 | 0.45 | 0.96 |
Summer Trial | p Value | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Caruncle | ADQ-CON | RES-CON | ADQ-MEL | RES-MEL | NUT | TRT | NUT*TRT |
SLC2A8 | 0.8645 ± 0.2889 | 0.9337 ± 0.2017 | 0.9708 ± 0.1910 | 0.7601 ± 0.1198 | 0.35 | 0.46 | 0.07 |
SLC43A2 | 0.8030 ± 0.1411 | 0.8314 ± 0.1520 | 1.2378 ± 0.4489 | 0.7084 ± 0.0592 | 0.78 | 0.55 | 0.98 |
SLC7A5 | 2.1421 ± 1.2201 | 1.7401 ± 0.4498 | 1.6200 ± 0.2052 | 1.1358 ± 0.2489 | 0.77 | 0.80 | 0.13 |
SLC7A8 | 0.8551 ± 0.2062 | 1.2899 ± 0.2353 | 1.0087 ± 0.2291 | 0.8653 ± 0.1672 | 0.54 | 0.52 | 0.18 |
SLC38A10 | 0.8291 ± 0.1746 b | 1.3427 ± 0.1732 a | 2.3497 ± 1.2254 ab | 0.9615 ± 0.1369 ab | - | - | 0.04 |
SLC38A2 | 0.3514 ± 0.0560 b | 0.7786 ± 0.132 a | 0.5043 ± 0.0877 a | 0.4226 ± 0.0812 b | - | - | <0.01 |
Cotyledon | |||||||
SLC2A8 | 1.8430 ± 0.1905 | 1.8302 ± 0.2693 | 1.6650 ± 0.1620 | 1.3944 ± 0.2035 | 0.29 | 0.22 | 0.49 |
SLC43A2 | 3.3572 ± 0.9071 | 5.4449 ± 1.2810 | 3.5628 ± 1.2810 | 2.4225 ± 1.1894 | 0.71 | 0.21 | 0.16 |
SLC7A5 | 1.9922 ± 0.9210 | 1.4450 ± 0.2738 | 0.7286 ± 0.1116 | 0.9518 ± 0.2310 | 0.27 | 0.09 | 0.63 |
SLC7A8 | 0.6057 ± 0.0706 | 0.5407 ± 0.0849 | 1.1313 ± 0.3202 | 0.8001 ± 0.2779 | 0.67 | 0.71 | 0.60 |
SLC38A10 | 0.8802 ± 0.2273 | 0.9702 ± 0.1828 | 1.7643 ± 0.4429 | 0.9625 ± 0.1304 | 0.55 | 0.17 | 0.12 |
SLC38A2 | 1.2958 ± 0.3566 | 1.3249 ± 0.4019 | 1.5967 ± 0.6684 | 1.9284 ± 1.2245 | 0.85 | 0.52 | 0.90 |
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Swanson, R.; Contreras-Correa, Z.; Dinh, T.; King, H.; Sidelinger, D.; Burnett, D.; Lemley, C. Melatonin Supplementation Alters Maternal and Fetal Amino Acid Concentrations and Placental Nutrient Transporters in a Nutrient Restriction Bovine Model. Metabolites 2022, 12, 1208. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12121208
Swanson R, Contreras-Correa Z, Dinh T, King H, Sidelinger D, Burnett D, Lemley C. Melatonin Supplementation Alters Maternal and Fetal Amino Acid Concentrations and Placental Nutrient Transporters in a Nutrient Restriction Bovine Model. Metabolites. 2022; 12(12):1208. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12121208
Chicago/Turabian StyleSwanson, Rebecca, Zully Contreras-Correa, Thu Dinh, Heath King, Darcie Sidelinger, Derris Burnett, and Caleb Lemley. 2022. "Melatonin Supplementation Alters Maternal and Fetal Amino Acid Concentrations and Placental Nutrient Transporters in a Nutrient Restriction Bovine Model" Metabolites 12, no. 12: 1208. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo12121208