Iron-Bound Lipocalin-2 Protects Renal Cell Carcinoma from Ferroptosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Iron-Loaded Lcn-2 Induces Genes Referring to Glutathione Biosynthesis
2.2. hLcn-2 Protects Renal Tumor Cells against Erastin-Induced Ferroptotic Cell Death
2.3. hLcn-2 Induces a Rapid ROS-Response and Activates the Keap-1/Nrf2 Pathway
2.4. hLcn-2 Stimulation Induces an Integrated Stress Response
2.5. The ISR Pathway Is Crucial for hLcn-2 to Protect from Ferroptosis
2.6. Correlative Expression of hLcn-2 and SLC7A11 in Clear Cell RCC Patients
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Cell Culture
4.2. Treatments
4.3. RNA Extraction and Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR)
4.4. RNA Sequencing
4.5. Western Blot Analysis
4.6. Viability Assay
4.7. Glutathione Measurement
4.8. Small Interfering RNA (siRNA) Transfection
4.9. Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS)
4.10. ROS Measurements
4.11. Generation of Recombinant Lcn-2 and Complex Formation
4.12. Lcn-2 Immunoprecipitation (IP)
4.13. Survival Assays
4.14. Ethics
4.15. Participants
4.16. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Meier, J.K.; Schnetz, M.; Beck, S.; Schmid, T.; Dominguez, M.; Kalinovic, S.; Daiber, A.; Brüne, B.; Jung, M. Iron-Bound Lipocalin-2 Protects Renal Cell Carcinoma from Ferroptosis. Metabolites 2021, 11, 329. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050329
Meier JK, Schnetz M, Beck S, Schmid T, Dominguez M, Kalinovic S, Daiber A, Brüne B, Jung M. Iron-Bound Lipocalin-2 Protects Renal Cell Carcinoma from Ferroptosis. Metabolites. 2021; 11(5):329. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050329
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeier, Julia K., Matthias Schnetz, Susanne Beck, Tobias Schmid, Monica Dominguez, Sanela Kalinovic, Andreas Daiber, Bernhard Brüne, and Michaela Jung. 2021. "Iron-Bound Lipocalin-2 Protects Renal Cell Carcinoma from Ferroptosis" Metabolites 11, no. 5: 329. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11050329