Metabolomic Alteration in the Mouse Distal Colonic Mucosa after Oral Gavage with Oxalobacter formigenes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Distal Colonic Metabolome Alteration with O. formigenes Oral Gavage
2.2. Assessment of the Gavage Effect on Significant Features
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Use of Animals
3.2. Gavaging and Tissue Harvest
3.3. Pre-Extraction Sample Preparation
3.4. Metabolite Extraction
3.5. Analytical Instrumentation and Methodology
3.6. Data Processing, Quality Control, and Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions and Future Directions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Significant Identified Metabolites | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
m/z | Metabolite (PubChem CID) | ID Method | Chemical Formula (M) | Ion | Δppm | RT | p-Value | FC | Response | ||
244.0925 | Cytidine (6175) | m/z, RT | C9H13N3O5 | [M + H]+ | 3.3 | 1.55 | 4.1 × 10−3 | 1.2 | Reduced | ||
171.0053 | Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate (668) | m/z, RT | C3H7O6P | [M + H]+ | 3.5 | 0.74 | 4.6 × 10−3 | 2.1 | Reduced | ||
502.2925 | LysoPE (20:4) (42607465) | m/z, RT | C25H44NO7P | [M + H]+ | 1.8 | 12.73 | 4.7 × 10−3 | 9.7 | Elevated | ||
124.0395 | Nicotinic Acid (938) | m/z, RT | C6H5NO2 | [M + H]+ | 3.2 | 1.43 | 6.3 × 10−3 | 25.2 | Elevated | ||
231.0261 | Ribulose-5-Phosphate (439184) | m/z, RT | C5H11O8P | [M + H]+ | 3.9 | 0.78 | 9.1 × 10−3 | 1.8 | Reduced | ||
Significant Unidentified Metabolites | |||||||||||
m/z | (13C/12C) ×100 | # Carbons | Sulfur | Charge | Putative Formula (M) | Ion | Δppm | RT | p-Value | FC | Response |
127.0465 | 9.89 ± 1.59 | 8.99 ± 1.44 | Y | +2 | C8H16N2O5S | [M + 2H]2+ | 1.6 | 7.69 | 9.4 × 10−3 | 2.4 | Elevated |
143.9588 a | 15.54 ± 8.27 | 14.13 ± 7.51 | n | +1 | Undetermined | 5.31 | 4.1 × 10−3 | 2.5 | Elevated | ||
176.0375 | 5.71 ± 1.30 | 5.19 ± 1.18 | Y | +1 | C6H9NO3S | [M + H]+ | 0.6 | 2.29 | 8.8 × 10−4 | 1.7 | Reduced |
192.0323 | 7.48 ± 3.31 | 6.80 ± 3.01 | n | +1 | C8H10O2P | [M + Na]+ | 4.7 | 1.07 | 3.9 × 10−3 | 2.2 | Elevated |
219.0703 | 17.66 ± 4.85 | 16.06 ± 4.41 | Y | +2 | C15H24N4O9S | [M + 2H]2+ | 0.9 | 1.47 | 5.3 × 10−3 | 1.8 | Reduced |
255.0804 b | 22.85 ± 5.95 | 20.77 ± 5.41 | Y | +2 | C18H28N4O11S | [M + 2H]2+ | 2.4 | 2.65 | 9.2 × 10−5 | 2.5 | Reduced |
255.0807 b | 17.95 ± 6.93 | 16.32 ± 6.30 | Y | +2 | C18H28N4O11S | [M + 2H]2+ | 1.2 | 2.21 | 7.5 × 10−4 | 2.6 | Reduced |
263.0350 | 18.85 ± 2.29 | 17.14 ± 2.08 | Y | +2 | C19H22N2O10S2 | [M + H + Na]2+ | 3.8 | 1.35 | 5.7 × 10−3 | 1.8 | Reduced |
487.1163 c | 18.97 ± 1.64 | 17.24 ± 1.50 | Y | +1 | C16H30N4O5S4 | [M + H]+ | 1.8 | 1.34 | 5.8 × 10−3 | 1.8 | Reduced |
487.1163 c | 18.69 ± 2.18 | 16.99 ± 1.98 | Y | +1 | C16H30N4O5S4 | [M + H]+ | 1.8 | 1.64 | 7.9 × 10−3 | 1.8 | Reduced |
120.0387 | Undetermined | C15H10O3 | [M + 2H]2+ | 0.8 | 5.83 | 1.1 × 10−4 | 3.5 | Elevated | |||
149.9403 a | Undetermined | 0.81 | 3.0 × 10−3 | 1.3 | Elevated | ||||||
168.1461 a | Undetermined | 11.25 | 6.5 × 10−3 | 2.8 | Reduced | ||||||
188.0316 | Undetermined | C6H9N3S2 | [M + H]+ | 2.7 | 0.69 | 1.4 × 10−3 | 2.7 | Reduced | |||
207.0174 | Undetermined | C4H6N4O4S | [M + H]+ | 4.3 | 2.19 | 3.8 × 10−3 | 2.6 | Elevated | |||
225.1483 | Undetermined | C13H20O3 | [M + H]+ | 0.9 | 12.74 | 6.4 × 10−3 | 1.9 | Elevated | |||
258.2060 | Undetermined | C14H27NO3 | [M + H]+ | 1.5 | 11.76 | 6.4 × 10−3 | 1.1 | Elevated | |||
295.1891 | Undetermined | C17H26O4 | [M + H]+ | 4.4 | 11.87 | 5.1 × 10−3 | 1.5 | Reduced |
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Chamberlain, C.A.; Hatch, M.; Garrett, T.J. Metabolomic Alteration in the Mouse Distal Colonic Mucosa after Oral Gavage with Oxalobacter formigenes. Metabolites 2020, 10, 405. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo10100405
Chamberlain CA, Hatch M, Garrett TJ. Metabolomic Alteration in the Mouse Distal Colonic Mucosa after Oral Gavage with Oxalobacter formigenes. Metabolites. 2020; 10(10):405. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo10100405
Chicago/Turabian StyleChamberlain, Casey A., Marguerite Hatch, and Timothy J. Garrett. 2020. "Metabolomic Alteration in the Mouse Distal Colonic Mucosa after Oral Gavage with Oxalobacter formigenes" Metabolites 10, no. 10: 405. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo10100405